{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T14:56:27Z","timestamp":1774882587253,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753833600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal)","award":["LA\/P\/0117\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0117\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JPM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Intermittent exotropia (IXT) is the most common form of childhood divergent strabismus. Surgery remains the primary approach to control ocular deviation and preserve binocular function. Although previous studies report a success rate of approximately 75%, factors influencing surgical outcomes remain insufficiently explored. This study evaluates the effectiveness of strabismus surgery in children with IXT and identifies predictors of postoperative alignment stability. Methods: This retrospective study included 258 children with basic-type IXT or divergence excess who underwent bilateral lateral rectus recession. Clinical records and surgical data were analyzed to determine the overall success rate and identify associated predictive factors. Results: The sample included 166 females (64.3%) and 92 males (35.7%), with a mean age of 11.19 \u00b1 3.73 years. Surgical success was achieved in 238 patients (92.2%). Success rates were similar across sexes (92.8% in females vs. 91.3% in males). No significant associations were found between surgical success and sex, age, preoperative occlusion therapy, binocular function, or IXT subtype. However, patients with moderate preoperative deviations had higher success rates. A statistically significant difference was observed in the preoperative deviation angle between successful (31 \u00b1 7.08\u2206) and unsuccessful (42 \u00b1 7.27\u2206) cases. A lower AC\/A ratio was also associated with better outcomes, although it was not the main predictor. Discussion: The high success rate (92.2%) suggests a limited impact of demographic or preoperative variables. The preoperative deviation angle emerged as the strongest predictor of success, with smaller angles correlating with more favorable surgical outcomes. These findings underscore the importance of accurate preoperative assessment in surgical planning for IXT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm15080333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T10:55:37Z","timestamp":1753872937000},"page":"333","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Success of Strabismus Surgery in Intermittent Exotropia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8237-5521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Lino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Comprehensive Health Research Center, CHRC, LA-REAL, CCAL, NOVA University Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Santa Maria Local Health Unit, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"CUF Cascais Hospital, 2750-663 Cascais, Portugal"},{"name":"CUF Tejo Hospital, 1350-352 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Higher School of Technology and Health of Lisbon, Polytechnic Institute of Lisbon, 1990-096 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0074-7732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro Vargues","family":"de Aguiar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Comprehensive Health Research Center, CHRC, LA-REAL, CCAL, NOVA University Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3162-0531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Paulo","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Unit, CUF Cascais Hospital, 2750-663 Cascais, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences, Higher School of Technology and Health of Lisbon, Polytechnic Institute of Lisbon, 1990-096 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Tejedor, J.Y.C. 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AAPOS"}],"container-title":["Journal of Personalized Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4426\/15\/8\/333\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:18:43Z","timestamp":1760033923000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4426\/15\/8\/333"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["jpm15080333"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jpm15080333","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-4426"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-4426","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]]}}}