{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T04:27:36Z","timestamp":1772252856552,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,25]],"date-time":"2021-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia under Projects","award":["UIDB\/04111\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04111\/2020"]}]},{"name":"ILIND\u2013Instituto Lus\u00f3fono de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Desenvolvimento, COPELABS","award":["COFAC\/ILIND\/COPELABS 2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["COFAC\/ILIND\/COPELABS 2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, I.P  (VALORIZA - Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o para a Valoriza\u00e7\u00e3o dos Recursos End\u00f3genos).","award":["UIDB\/05064\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/05064\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JSAN"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The present work proposed a low-cost portable device as an enabling technology for agriculture using multispectral imaging and machine learning in soil texture. Clay is an important factor for the verification and monitoring of soil use due to its fast reaction to chemical and surface changes. The system developed uses the analysis of reflectance in wavebands for clay prediction. The selection of each wavelength is performed through an LED lamp panel. A NoIR microcamera controlled by a Raspberry Pi device is employed to acquire the image and unfold it in RGB histograms. Results showed a good prediction performance with R2 of 0.96, RMSEC of 3.66% and RMSECV of 16.87%. The high portability allows the equipment to be used in a field providing strategic information related to soil sciences.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jsan10030040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,27]],"date-time":"2021-06-27T23:57:22Z","timestamp":1624838242000},"page":"40","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Multispectral Cameras and Machine Learning Integrated into Portable Devices as Clay Prediction Technology"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3256-8069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gilson Augusto","family":"Helfer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Computing Graduate Program, University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Av. Unisinos 950, S\u00e3o Leopoldo 93022-750, RS, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Engineering, Architecture and Computing, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Av. Independencia 2293, Santa Cruz do Sul 96815-900, RS, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0358-2056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge Luis Vict\u00f3ria","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Computing Graduate Program, University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Av. Unisinos 950, S\u00e3o Leopoldo 93022-750, RS, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Douglas","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering, Architecture and Computing, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Av. Independencia 2293, Santa Cruz do Sul 96815-900, RS, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3009-7459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adilson Ben","family":"da Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Industrial Systems and Processes Graduate Program, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Av. Independencia 2293, Santa Cruz do Sul 96815-900, RS, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7315-8739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marko","family":"Beko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"COPELABS, University Lus\u00f3fona\u2014ULHT, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0446-9271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valderi Reis Quietinho","family":"Leithardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"COPELABS, University Lus\u00f3fona\u2014ULHT, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"VALORIZA\u2014Research Centre for Endogenous Resource Valorization, Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre, 7300-555 Portalegre, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fiehn, H.B., Schiebel, L., Avila, A.F., Miller, B., and Mickelson, A. 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