{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T18:40:39Z","timestamp":1775068839485,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]],"date-time":"2023-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691452800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia 456 e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/00460\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00460\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Land"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Understanding the thermal effects of different urban patterns that constitute today\u2019s urban landscapes is critical to the development of urban resilience to climate change. This article aims to assess the efficiency of urban green spaces in thermal regulation. Through thermography, we explored the interaction between air temperature and the spatial components within these environments. Through comparative analysis involving a UAV, we studied the relationship between air temperatures at varying altitudes and the temperature within tree canopies. The results revealed significant differences in the thermal distribution between impervious urban areas with buildings and green spaces. These findings provide important information for assessing thermal comfort and the efficiency of urban green spaces in mitigating the impact of extreme heat events. During the summer months, green spaces, due to shade and the enhanced absorption of solar radiation by trees, exhibited lower temperatures compared to impervious areas. However, in winter, urban areas displayed higher temperatures, attributable to their heat retention capacity. This study contributes to the existing knowledge base by providing an in-depth examination of the thermal efficiency of urban green spaces across different layers of their lower atmosphere. Our results underscore the crucial role of tree cover in thermal comfort regulation, offering valuable information for sustainable urban planning. These insights are particularly relevant for the design of more comfortable and resilient environments in response to climatic variations and for the crafting of a tree-planting strategy in Mediterranean climate cities, an area where the impacts of climate change are becoming increasingly apparent.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/land12081568","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]],"date-time":"2023-08-08T12:35:42Z","timestamp":1691498142000},"page":"1568","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Thermal Comfort Assessment in Urban Green Spaces: Contribution of Thermography to the Study of Thermal Variation between Tree Canopies and Air Temperature"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7707-5738","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandre","family":"Ornelas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies (CEIS20), 3000-186 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8648-3204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Cordeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies (CEIS20), 3000-186 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Miguel","family":"Lameiras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"BIOPOLIS\/CIBIO\u2014Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, 4485-661 Vair\u00e3o, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cosust.2010.12.014","article-title":"Climate change and urban resilience","volume":"3","author":"Leichenko","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. 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