{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T05:25:40Z","timestamp":1776489940954,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":168,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,20]],"date-time":"2021-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"COMPETE 2020","award":["UIDB\/04612\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04612\/2020"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020","award":["ID: 867437"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ID: 867437"]}]},{"name":"FCT I.P","award":["UIDP\/04378\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04378\/2020"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015621","name":"UCIBIO","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LA\/P\/0140\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0140\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015621","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The large production of non-degradable petrol-based plastics has become a major global issue due to its environmental pollution. Biopolymers produced by microorganisms such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are gaining potential as a sustainable alternative, but the high cost associated with their industrial production has been a limiting factor. Post-transcriptional regulation is a key step to control gene expression in changing environments and has been reported to play a major role in numerous cellular processes. However, limited reports are available concerning the regulation of PHA accumulation in bacteria, and many essential regulatory factors still need to be identified. Here, we review studies where the synthesis of PHA has been reported to be regulated at the post-transcriptional level, and we analyze the RNA-mediated networks involved. Finally, we discuss the forthcoming research on riboregulation, synthetic, and metabolic engineering which could lead to improved strategies for PHAs synthesis in industrial production, thereby reducing the costs currently associated with this procedure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life11080853","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,20]],"date-time":"2021-08-20T08:44:45Z","timestamp":1629449085000},"page":"853","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Post-Transcriptional Control in the Regulation of Polyhydroxyalkanoates Synthesis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3814-462X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Peregrina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Control of Gene Expression Lab., Instituto de Tecnologia Qu\u00edmica e Biol\u00f3gica Ant\u00f3nio Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Martins-Louren\u00e7o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Control of Gene Expression Lab., Instituto de Tecnologia Qu\u00edmica e Biol\u00f3gica Ant\u00f3nio Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9430-4640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filomena","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO\u2014Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4000-1836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria A. M.","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO\u2014Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Cec\u00edlia M.","family":"Arraiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Control of Gene Expression Lab., Instituto de Tecnologia Qu\u00edmica e Biol\u00f3gica Ant\u00f3nio Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9874","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b01513","article-title":"Probabilistic Material Flow Analysis of Seven Commodity Plastics in Europe","volume":"52","author":"Kawecki","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. 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