{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T03:03:06Z","timestamp":1774926186351,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,24]],"date-time":"2021-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637712000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Life"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Body temperature is often assessed in the core and the skin. Infrared thermography has been used to measure skin temperature (Tsk) in sport research and clinical practice. This study aimed to explore the information reported to date on the use of infrared thermography to detect short-term Tsk responses to endurance exercise and to identify the methodological considerations and knowledge gaps, and propose future directions. Method: A web search (PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Web of Science) was conducted following systematic review guidelines, and 45 out of 2921 studies met the inclusion criteria (endurance sports, since 2000, English, full text available). Results: A total of 45 publications were extracted, in which most of the sample were runners (n = 457, 57.9%). Several differences between IRT imaging protocols and ROI selection could lead to potential heterogeneity of interpretations. These particularities in the methodology of the studies extracted are widely discussed in this systematic review. Conclusions: More analyses should be made considering different sports, exercise stimuli and intensities, especially using follow-up designs. Study-derived data could clarify the underlying thermo physiological processes and assess whether Tsk could be used a reliable proxy to describe live thermal regulation in endurance athletes and reduce their risk of exertional heat illness\/stroke. Also more in-depth analyses may elucidate the Tsk interactions with other tissues during exercise-related responses, such as inflammation, damage, or pain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/life11121286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T01:43:22Z","timestamp":1638323002000},"page":"1286","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Short-Term Skin Temperature Responses to Endurance Exercise: A Systematic Review of Methods and Future Challenges in the Use of Infrared Thermography"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0717-8827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Rojas-Valverde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y Diagn\u00f3stico en Salud y Deporte (CIDISAD), Escuela Ciencias del Movimiento Humano y Calidad de Vida (CIEMHCAVI), Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, Heredia 86-3000, Costa Rica"},{"name":"Cl\u00ednica de Lesiones Deportivas (Rehab & Readapt), Escuela Ciencias del Movimiento Humano y Calidad de Vida (CIEMHCAVI), Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, Heredia 86-3000, Costa Rica"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7780-3942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Tom\u00e1s-Car\u00fas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Departamento de Desporto e Sa\u00fade, Escola de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia\u2014Universidade de \u00c9vora, 7000-727 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2187-0465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"Tim\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo en Avances en el Entrenamiento Deportivo y Acondicionamiento F\u00edsico (GAEDAF), Facultad Ciencias del Deporte, Universidad de Extremadura, 10005 C\u00e1ceres, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8533-7144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuno","family":"Batalha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Departamento de Desporto e Sa\u00fade, Escola de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia\u2014Universidade de \u00c9vora, 7000-727 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8791-6836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Braulio","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Ure\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud (PROCESA), Escuela Ciencias del Movimiento Humano y Calidad de Vida (CIEMHCAVI), Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, Heredia 86-3000, Costa Rica"}]},{"given":"Randall","family":"Guti\u00e9rrez-Vargas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y Diagn\u00f3stico en Salud y Deporte (CIDISAD), Escuela Ciencias del Movimiento Humano y Calidad de Vida (CIEMHCAVI), Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, Heredia 86-3000, Costa Rica"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8256-0882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guillermo","family":"Olcina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo en Avances en el Entrenamiento Deportivo y Acondicionamiento F\u00edsico (GAEDAF), Facultad Ciencias del Deporte, Universidad de Extremadura, 10005 C\u00e1ceres, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1097\/JSA.0000000000000198","article-title":"Participation Trends of Ultra Endurance Events","volume":"27","author":"Scheer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sports Med. 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