{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T23:11:52Z","timestamp":1772838712471,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":179,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,30]],"date-time":"2023-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Portugal\u2019s national funding","award":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portugal\u2019s national funding","award":["LA\/P\/0007\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0007\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portugal\u2019s national funding","award":["UIDB\/04436\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04436\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portugal\u2019s national funding","award":["UIDB\/04077\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04077\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portugal\u2019s national funding","award":["UIDB\/00532\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00532\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portugal\u2019s national funding","award":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portugal\u2019s national funding","award":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portugal\u2019s national funding","award":["LA\/P\/0007\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0007\/2020"]}]},{"name":"R&amp;D Unit Project Scope","award":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"]}]},{"name":"R&amp;D Unit Project Scope","award":["LA\/P\/0007\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0007\/2020"]}]},{"name":"R&amp;D Unit Project Scope","award":["UIDB\/04436\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04436\/2020"]}]},{"name":"R&amp;D Unit Project Scope","award":["UIDB\/04077\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04077\/2020"]}]},{"name":"R&amp;D Unit Project Scope","award":["UIDB\/00532\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00532\/2020"]}]},{"name":"R&amp;D Unit Project Scope","award":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020"]}]},{"name":"R&amp;D Unit Project Scope","award":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"]}]},{"name":"R&amp;D Unit Project Scope","award":["LA\/P\/0007\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0007\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portugal\u2019s national funding","award":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portugal\u2019s national funding","award":["LA\/P\/0007\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0007\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portugal\u2019s national funding","award":["UIDB\/04436\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04436\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portugal\u2019s national funding","award":["UIDB\/04077\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04077\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portugal\u2019s national funding","award":["UIDB\/00532\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00532\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portugal\u2019s national funding","award":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0045\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portugal\u2019s national funding","award":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00690\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Portugal\u2019s national funding","award":["LA\/P\/0007\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0007\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Lubricants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vegetable oils have been used as metalworking fluids (MWFs) for many years, particularly in small-scale metalworking operations and in industries where environmental regulations are strict. Before the development of modern MWFs, vegetable oils were one of the most common lubricants used for metalworking tools. The use of vegetable oils can be traced back to ancient civilizations such as Egypt, Greece, and Rome, where olive oil was commonly used to lubricate metal tools and weapons. Today, vegetable oils are used as MWFs in a variety of applications. They are often combined with additives or nanoparticles to enhance their performance, such as improving the lubricity, cooling properties, and stability of the oil, as well as reducing friction and wear on the cutting tool. Additives, such as antioxidants, anti-wear agents, and extreme pressure (EP) additives, can be used to improve the performance of vegetable oils as cutting fluids. Compared to standard MWFs, vegetable oils are generally more biodegradable and environmentally friendly, and can be more cost-effective. However, MWFs may offer superior performance in certain areas, such as lubrication and cooling. Ultimately, the choice of MWFs will depend on the specific requirements of the metalworking operation and the balance between performance, cost, and environmental considerations. As the demand for sustainability and environmental responsibility continues, the use of vegetable oils as MWFs is likely to become even more popular in the future. Overall, vegetable oils offer a viable and potentially attractive alternative to standard MWFs in certain applications. This review highlights both conventional and most recent advances in vegetal oils frequently used as lubricant fluids in manufacturing processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/lubricants11040160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,30]],"date-time":"2023-03-30T04:45:35Z","timestamp":1680151535000},"page":"160","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Conventional and Recent Advances of Vegetable Oils as Metalworking Fluids (MWFs): A Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6416-2867","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In\u00eas S.","family":"Afonso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Glauco","family":"Nobrega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"},{"name":"Mechanical Engineering and Resource Sustainability Center (MEtRICs), Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Minho, Campus de Azur\u00e9m, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3428-637X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical Engineering and Resource Sustainability Center (MEtRICs), Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Minho, Campus de Azur\u00e9m, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"Transport Phenomena Research Center (CEFT), Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto (FEUP), Rua Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering (ALiCE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5758-4084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 R.","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS)\u2014UMinho, Universidade do Minho, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory in Biotechnology and Bioengineering and Microelectromechanical Systems (LABBELS), 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6300-148X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o E.","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Bragan\u00e7a, Campus de Santa Apol\u00f3nia, 5300-253 Bragan\u00e7a, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.triboint.2015.07.007","article-title":"Studies on Biodegradability of Bio-Based Lubricants","volume":"92","author":"Luna","year":"2015","journal-title":"Tribol. Int."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1016\/j.triboint.2006.10.001","article-title":"Vegetable Oil-Based Lubricants\u2014A Review of Oxidation","volume":"40","author":"Fox","year":"2007","journal-title":"Tribol. Int."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2017.07.078","article-title":"Sustainability Analysis of Lubricant Oils for Minimum Quantity Lubrication Based on Their Tribo-Rheological Performance","volume":"164","author":"Pereira","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marichelvam, M.K., Manimaran, P., Khan, A., and Geetha, M. (2022). Development of Eco-Friendly Cutting Fluid for Machining of AISI 1010 Steel in Automotive Industry. Sustainability, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/su14159414"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2022.116122","article-title":"A Review on Bio-Based Feedstock, Synthesis, and Chemical Modification to Enhance Tribological Properties of Biolubricants","volume":"193","author":"Kurre","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ind. Crops Prod."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2017.10.061","article-title":"Experimental Evaluation of Physicochemical Properties and Tapping Torque of Hexagonal Boron Nitride in Modified Jatropha Oils-Based as Sustainable Metalworking Fluids","volume":"171","author":"Talib","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marlinda, A.R., Thien GS, H., Shalid, M., Ling, T.Y., Hashem, A., Chan, K.Y., and Johan, M.R. (2023). Graphene as a Lubricant Additive for Reducing Friction and Wear in Its Liquid-Based Form. Lubricants, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/lubricants11010029"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"e00416","article-title":"Energy Consumption and Ecological Analysis of Sustainable and Conventional Cutting Fluid Strategies in Machining 15\u20135 PHSS","volume":"32","author":"Khanna","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sustain. Mater. Technol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bhushan, B. (2000). Modern Tribology Handbook, CRC Press.","DOI":"10.1201\/9780849377877"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jarfors, A.E.W., Castagne, S.J., Danno, A., and Zhang, X. (2016). Tool Wear and Life Span Variations in Cold Forming Operations and Their Implications in Microforming. Technologies, 5.","DOI":"10.3390\/technologies5010003"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17952","DOI":"10.1021\/ie502849w","article-title":"DOSS\u2014Based QAILs: As Both Neat Lubricants and Lubricant Additives with Excellent Tribological Properties and Good Detergency","volume":"53","author":"Fan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ind. Eng. Chem. Res."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2010.09.001","article-title":"Improvement of Pour Point and Oxidative Stability of Synthetic Ester Basestocks for Biolubricant Applications","volume":"5","author":"Salimon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arab. J. Chem."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5071","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2012.04.054","article-title":"An Overview of the Effect of Lubricant on the Heat Transfer Performance on Conventional Refrigerants and Natural Refrigerant R-744","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Q.J., and Chung, Y.-W. (2013). Encyclopedia of Tribology, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-92897-5"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00724070","article-title":"Influence of Flash Point of Diesel Fuel on Its Potential Production Volume","volume":"21","author":"Mitusova","year":"1985","journal-title":"Chem. Technol. Fuels Oils"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.0c06988","article-title":"Oxidative Stability of Vegetal Oil-Based Lubricants","volume":"9","author":"Murru","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"Johnson, M. (2023, March 01). Lubricant Selection: Function and Composition. Available online: https:\/\/www.stle.org\/images\/pdf\/STLE_ORG\/BOK\/LS\/Gears\/LubricantSelection_FunctionandComposition_tltarticle_April08.pdf."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1080\/10803548.2003.11076555","article-title":"Health Risks From Exposure to Metal-Working Fluids in Machining and Grinding Operations","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. J. Occup. Saf. Ergon."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2020.120552","article-title":"Green Metalworking Fluid as the Sustainable Machining Application\u2014A Review","volume":"257","author":"Wickramasinghe","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_20","unstructured":"Research, G.V. (2023, March 02). Metalworking Fluids Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report By Product (Mineral, Synthetic), By End-Use (Machinery, Transportation Equipment), By Industrial End-Use, By Application, and Segment Forecasts. Available online: https:\/\/www.grandviewresearch.com\/industry-analysis\/metalworking-fluids-market\/segmentation."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135679","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2022.135679","article-title":"Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Natural Origin Metalworking Fluids in Reducing the Environmental Impact and the Tool Wear","volume":"385","author":"Antonicelli","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_22","unstructured":"Occupational Safety and Health Administration (2005). Metalworking Fluids: Safety and Health Best Practices Manual."},{"key":"ref_23","unstructured":"Health, N.I.O.S. (2023, March 01). Criteria for a Recommended Standard: Occupational Exposure to Metalworking Fluids, Available online: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/niosh\/docs\/98-102\/pdfs\/98-102."},{"key":"ref_24","unstructured":"Machinist, A. (2016). Metalworking Fluids 101, Valvoline."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cirp.2015.05.003","article-title":"Metalworking Fluids\u2014Mechanisms and Performance","volume":"64","author":"Brinksmeier","year":"2015","journal-title":"CIRP Ann.\u2014Manuf. Technol."},{"key":"ref_26","unstructured":"Beuth-Verlag, T. (2013). 51385 DIN, DIN. Lubricants\u2014Processing Fluids for Forming and Machining of Materials."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khan, M.A.A., Hussain, M., Lodhi, S.K., Zazoum, B., Asad, M., and Afzal, A. (2022). Green Metalworking Fluids for Sustainable Machining Operations and Other Sustainable Systems: A Review. Metals, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/met12091466"},{"key":"ref_28","unstructured":"Kumar, R., and Balasubramanian, N. (2018). Encyclopedia of Renewable and Sustainable Materials, Elsevier."},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"21","article-title":"Metalworking Fluids\u2014A Review of the Current Status and Trends for the Future","volume":"47","author":"Olofsson","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"291","article-title":"Current Status and Future Perspectives of Metalworking Fluids","volume":"4","author":"Rhee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Precis. Eng. Manuf. Technol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.triboint.2017.04.050","article-title":"Recent Developments and Performance Review of Metal Working Fluids","volume":"114","author":"Osama","year":"2017","journal-title":"Tribol. Int."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2013.12.014","article-title":"An Effective Pre-Treatment Method for the Determination of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in a Complex Matrix by Derivatization Coupled with Headspace Single-Drop Microextraction","volume":"1325","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.triboint.2021.107103","article-title":"Vegetable Oils as Triple Bottom Line Compliant Lubricants","volume":"161","author":"Bellini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Tribol. Int."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jlaiel, K., Yahiaoui, M., Paris, J.-Y., and Denape, J. (2020). Tribolumen: A Tribometer for A Correlation Between AE Signals and Observation of Tribological Process in Real-Time\u2014Application to A Dry Steel\/Glass Reciprocating Sliding Contact. Lubricants, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/lubricants8040047"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cirpj.2020.09.016","article-title":"Microbial-Based Cutting Fluids as Bio-Integration Manufacturing Solution for Green and Sustainable Machining","volume":"32","author":"Teti","year":"2021","journal-title":"CIRP J. Manuf. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2020.09.741","article-title":"Performance Assessment of Vegetable Oil-Based Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) in Drilling","volume":"44","author":"Khunt","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mater. Today Proc."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2019.11.092","article-title":"Study of Various Cooling Methodology Used in Machining Processes","volume":"21","author":"Dubey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mater. Today Proc."},{"key":"ref_38","unstructured":"University of Northern Iowa (2003). UNI ScholarWorks Cutting Fluid Management: Small Machining Operations, University of Northern Iowa."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmatprotec.2005.08.014","article-title":"Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Spray Cutting Fluids in High Speed Milling","volume":"172","author":"Angulo","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Mater. Process. Technol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-011-3846-9","article-title":"Behavior of Austenitic Stainless Steels at High Speed Turning Using Specific Force Coefficients","volume":"62","author":"Barreiro","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4878(99)00085-X","article-title":"Mineral Oil Metal Working Fluids (MWFs)--Development of Practical Criteria for Mist Sampling","volume":"44","author":"Simpson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann. Occup. Hyg."},{"key":"ref_42","unstructured":"Othmer, K. (2001). Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Wiley Interscience. [4th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proeng.2015.12.535","article-title":"Investigation of Cutting Tools and Working Conditions Effects When Cutting Ti-6al-4V Using Vegetable Oil-Based Cutting Fluids","volume":"132","author":"Shyha","year":"2015","journal-title":"Procedia Eng."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2022.134454","article-title":"Recent Advancements in Synthesis, Rheological Characterization, and Tribological Performance of Vegetable Oil-Based Lubricants Enhanced with Nanoparticles for Sustainable Lubrication","volume":"378","author":"Pawar","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jun, Y., Jason, J., How, H.G., and Teoh, Y.H. (2020). A Study on the Tribological Performance of Nanolubricants. Processes, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/pr8111372"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.promfg.2020.03.006","article-title":"Composition for Anticorrosive Cooling and Protection Emulsion","volume":"46","author":"Albu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Procedia Manuf."},{"key":"ref_47","first-page":"1","article-title":"A Review on Selection of Cutting Fluids","volume":"1","author":"Xavior","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Res. Sci. Tecnhnology"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4051","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2005.07.012","article-title":"Treatment of Spent Metalworking Fluids","volume":"39","author":"Cheng","year":"2005","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"ref_49","first-page":"259","article-title":"Use of Surfactants in Metal Cutting Fluids Formation","volume":"4","year":"2014","journal-title":"Surfactants Tribol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sonawane, P.R., and Barjibhe, R.B. (2021). Hybrid Nanomaterials Focused on Green Cutting Fluids. Mater. Today Proc., 2\u20134.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2021.05.080"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goswami, P., and O\u2019Haire, T. (2016). Developments in the Use of Green (Biodegradable), Recycled and Biopolymer Materials in Technical Nonwovens. Adv. Tech. Nonwovens, 97\u2013114.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-100575-0.00003-6"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2015.01.055","article-title":"Machining and Ecological Effects of a New Developed Cutting Fluid in Combination with Different Cooling Techniques on Turning Operation","volume":"94","author":"Shokoohi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_53","first-page":"37","article-title":"Environmental and Health Aspects of Metalworking Fluid Use","volume":"24","author":"Schwarz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pol. J. Environ. Stud."},{"key":"ref_54","first-page":"33","article-title":"Human Health Concerns of the Metalworking Fluid Components (Part II\u2014Biocides, Corrosion Inhibitors and Neutralizing Agents)","volume":"25","year":"2017","journal-title":"Res. Pap. Fac. Mater. Sci. Technol. Slovak Univ. Technol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1080\/10426914.2016.1257858","article-title":"Formulation and Performance Evaluation of a Novel Coconut Oil-Based Metalworking Fluid","volume":"32","author":"Wickramasinghe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mater. Manuf. Process."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.triboint.2017.09.016","article-title":"Performance of Modified Jatropha Oil in Combination with Hexagonal Boron Nitride Particles as a Bio-Based Lubricant for Green Machining","volume":"118","author":"Talib","year":"2018","journal-title":"Tribol. Int."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wickramasinghe, K.C., Herath, M., and Perera, G.I.P. (2016). Emperical Investigation of Surface Quality and Temperature during Turning AISI 304 Steel with Vegetable Oil Based Metal Working Fluids, IEEE.","DOI":"10.1109\/MIES.2016.7780260"},{"key":"ref_58","unstructured":"Paul, S., and Pal, P.K. (2023, March 02). Study of Surface Quality During High Speed Machining Using Eco-Friendly Cutting Fluid. Available online: http:\/\/mech-ing.com\/journal\/Archive\/2011\/11\/121_SwarupPaul.pdf."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.5545\/sv-jme.2011.167","article-title":"Application of Taguchi Method for Surface Roughness and Roundness Error in Application of Taguchi Method for Surface Roughness and Roundness Error in Drilling of AISI 316 Stainless Steel","volume":"58","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Mech. Eng."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmachtools.2011.09.003","article-title":"Application of Vegetable Oil-Based Metalworking Fluids in Machining Ferrous Metals - A Review","volume":"52","author":"Lawal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.7763\/IJCTE.2012.V4.544","article-title":"Analysis of Cutting Tools Durability Compared with Standard ISO 3685","volume":"4","author":"Panda","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Theory Eng."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2016.03.146","article-title":"Effects of Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) in Machining Processes Using Conventional and Nanofluid Based Cutting Fluids: A Comprehensive Review","volume":"127","author":"Sharma","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2015.03.039","article-title":"Application of Sustainable Techniques in Metal Cutting for Enhanced Machinability: A Review","volume":"100","author":"Ghosh","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1007\/s12541-013-0122-y","article-title":"Power Consumption and Tool Wear Assessment When Machining Titanium Alloys","volume":"14","author":"Pervaiz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Precis. Eng. Manuf."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-016-8969-6","article-title":"An Experimental Investigation on Effect of Minimum Quantity Cooling Lubrication (MQCL) in Machining Titanium Alloy (Ti6Al4V)","volume":"87","author":"Pervaiz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proeng.2015.12.524","article-title":"The Use of Hybrid CO2+MQL in Machining Operations","volume":"132","author":"Pereira","year":"2015","journal-title":"Procedia Eng."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.triboint.2017.10.010","article-title":"Solid Lubricant-Assisted Minimum Quantity Lubrication and Cooling Strategies to Improve Ti6Al4V Machinability in Finishing Turning","volume":"118","author":"Sartori","year":"2018","journal-title":"Tribol. Int."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.promfg.2018.07.033","article-title":"Sustainability Assessment of Machining with Nano-Cutting Fluids","volume":"26","author":"Hegab","year":"2018","journal-title":"Procedia Manuf."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procir.2018.08.301","article-title":"Performance of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (ScCO2) Mixed with Oil-on-Water (OoW) Cooling in High-Speed Milling of 316L Stainless Steel","volume":"77","author":"Yuan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Procedia CIRP"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmapro.2018.06.016","article-title":"Tribological and Machining Characteristics of an Electrostatic Minimum Quantity Lubrication (EMQL) Technology Using Graphene Nano-Lubricants as Cutting Fluids","volume":"34","author":"Lv","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Manuf. Process."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmachtools.2015.10.008","article-title":"A Study on Droplets Sizes, Their Distribution and Heat Exchange for Minimum Quantity Cooling Lubrication (MQCL)","volume":"100","author":"Maruda","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pervaiz, S., Ahmad, N., Ishfaq, K., Khan, S., Deiab, I., and Kannan, S. (2022). Implementation of Sustainable Vegetable-Oil-Based Minimum Quantity Cooling Lubrication (MQCL) Machining of Titanium Alloy with Coated Tools. Lubricants, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/lubricants10100235"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2016.08.030","article-title":"Cryogenic and Minimum Quantity Lubrication for an Eco-Efficiency Turning of AISI 304","volume":"139","author":"Pereira","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e04691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2020.e04691","article-title":"Heavy Metal Pollution in the Environment and Their Toxicological Effects on Humans","volume":"6","author":"Briffa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2016.01.065","article-title":"Environmental Impacts and Hazards Associated with Metal Working Fluids and Recent Advances in the Sustainable Systems: A Review","volume":"60","author":"Najiha","year":"2016","journal-title":"Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1080\/10426914.2010.536933","article-title":"Evaluation of New Vegetable-Based Cutting Fluids on Thrust Force and Surface Roughness in Drilling of AISI 304 Using Taguchi Method","volume":"26","author":"Kuram","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mater. Manuf. Process."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proeng.2017.04.075","article-title":"Technical, Economic and Environmental Review of the Lubrication\/Cooling Systems Used in Machining Processes","volume":"184","author":"Benedicto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Procedia Eng."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2006.06.016","article-title":"Green Approach for the Preparation of Biodegradable Lubricant Base Stock from Epoxidized Vegetable Oil","volume":"69","author":"Lathi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl. Catal. B Environ."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2016.10.073","article-title":"Experimental Evaluation of the Lubrication Performance of Mixtures of Castor Oil with Other Vegetable Oils in MQL Grinding of Nickel-Based Alloy","volume":"140","author":"Guo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-0136(03)00679-4","article-title":"Performance Evaluation of Vegetable-Based Oils in Drilling Austenitic Stainless Steel","volume":"148","author":"Belluco","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Mater. Process. Technol."},{"key":"ref_81","first-page":"689","article-title":"Dietary Fats and Oils: Some Evolutionary and Historical Perspectives Concerning Edible Lipids for Human Consumption","volume":"7","author":"Roccisano","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Nutr. Sci."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Byers, J.P. (2017). Metalworking Fluids (Manufacturing Engineering and Materials Processing), CRC Press. [3rd ed.].","DOI":"10.1201\/9781351228213"},{"key":"ref_83","unstructured":"Huang, H. (2023, March 05). Productivity Improving Technologies. Available online: https:\/\/encyclopedia.pub\/entry\/35710."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kazeem, R.A., Fadare, D.A., Ikumapayi, O.M., Adediran, A.A., Aliyu, S.J., Akinlabi, S.A., Jen, T.-C., and Akinlabi, E.T. (2022). Advances in the Application of Vegetable-Oil-Based Cutting Fluids to Sustainable Machining Operations-A Review. Lubricants, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/lubricants10040069"},{"key":"ref_85","first-page":"108","article-title":"Vegetable Oils as Metal Cutting Fluids in Machining Operations: A Review","volume":"5","author":"Mbishida","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Sci. Eng. Res."},{"key":"ref_86","first-page":"2196","article-title":"The Prospects of Vegetable Based Oils as Metal Working Fluids in Manufacturing Application\u2014A Review","volume":"3","author":"Chandrakar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Eng. Res. Technol."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lubricants, G. (2017). Chemically Modifying Vegetable Oils to Prepare Green Lubricants. Lubricants, 5.","DOI":"10.3390\/lubricants5040044"},{"key":"ref_88","unstructured":"Lawal, S.A., and Olutoye, M. (2019). Nigeria Jatropha Oil as Suitable Basestock for Biolubricant Production, Malaysian Tribology Society (MYTRIBOS)."},{"key":"ref_89","unstructured":"Moss, G.P., Smith, P.A.S., and Tavernier, D. (1997). IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2012.02.033","article-title":"Biodiesel Production from Algae Oil High in Free Fatty Acids by Two-Step Catalytic Conversion","volume":"111","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12871","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms160612871","article-title":"Fatty Acids Composition of Vegetable Oils and Its Contribution to Dietary Energy Intake and Dependence of Cardiovascular Mortality on Dietary Intake of Fatty Acids","volume":"16","author":"Orsavova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_92","unstructured":"Lennarz, W.J., and Lane, M.D. (2013). Encyclopedia of Biological Chemistry, Academic Press. [2nd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1016\/j.triboint.2009.12.065","article-title":"Vegetable Oils as a Potential Cutting Fluid-An Evolution","volume":"43","author":"Shashidhara","year":"2010","journal-title":"Tribol. Int."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egypro.2014.07.249","article-title":"Epoxidation of Castor Oil Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (COFAME) as a Lubricant Base Stock Using Heterogeneous Ion-Exchange Resin (IR-120) as a Catalyst","volume":"54","author":"Borugadda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Energy Procedia"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1007\/s10722-003-6086-5","article-title":"Exploration of Vernonia Galamensis in Ethiopia, and Variation in Fatty Acid Composition of Seed Oil","volume":"52","author":"Baye","year":"2005","journal-title":"Genet. Resour. Crop Evol."},{"key":"ref_96","first-page":"127","article-title":"Characterization of Jatropha Oil for the Preparation of Biodiesel","volume":"8","author":"Singh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Indian J. Nat. Prod. Resour."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms9020169","article-title":"Non-Edible Plant Oils as New Sources for Biodiesel Production","volume":"9","author":"Chhetri","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2008.02.003","article-title":"Production and Analysis of Bio-Diesel from Non-Edible Oils-A Review","volume":"13","author":"Murugesan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1002\/jsl.32","article-title":"Influence of Fatty Acid Composition on the Tribological Performance of Two Vegetable-based Lubricants","volume":"24","author":"Siniawski","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Synth. Lubr."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/S0926-860X(01)00891-2","article-title":"Lubricant Base Fluids Based on Renewable Raw Materials: Their Catalytic Manufacture and Modification","volume":"221","author":"Wagner","year":"2001","journal-title":"Appl. Catal. A Gen."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1108\/00368790310470976","article-title":"Vegetable-Based Biodegradable Lubricating Oil Additives","volume":"55","author":"Maleque","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ind. Lubr. Tribol."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.promfg.2019.07.040","article-title":"Characterization of Vegetable Oil as Cutting Fluid","volume":"41","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Procedia Manuf."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1002\/jsl.19","article-title":"Metalworking Fluids from Vegetable Oils","volume":"23","author":"Singh","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Synth. Lubr."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2016.07.040","article-title":"Assessing the Lubrication Performance of Vegetable Oil-Based Nano-Lubricants for Environmentally Conscious Metal Forming Processes","volume":"135","author":"Davoodi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2018.12.008","article-title":"Critical Insights into the Effects of Bio-Based Additives on Biodiesels Properties","volume":"102","author":"Lawan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev."},{"key":"ref_106","first-page":"1","article-title":"Bio-Based Additives for Thermoplastics","volume":"29","author":"Waldman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Polimeros"},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hobbs, C.E. (2019). Recent Advances in Bio-Based Flame Retardant Additives for Synthetic Polymeric Materials. Polymers, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/polym11020224"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3337","DOI":"10.1039\/c3gc41338a","article-title":"Life Cycle Assessment of Surfactants: The Case of an Alkyl Polyglucoside Used as a Self Emulsifier in Cosmetics","volume":"15","author":"Guilbot","year":"2013","journal-title":"Green Chem."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2022.115354","article-title":"Soybean Extract Firstly Used as a Green Corrosion Inhibitor with High Efficacy and Yield for Carbon Steel in Acidic Medium","volume":"187","author":"Wan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ind. Crops Prod."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ujiie, H. (2006). Digital Printing of Textiles, Woodhead Publishing.","DOI":"10.1533\/9781845691585"},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1177\/1350650120927170","article-title":"A Novel Approach in Developing Environment-Friendly Bio-Lubricant from Coconut Oil, Mustard Oil and Its Methyl Esters","volume":"235","author":"Akshai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part J J. Eng. Tribol."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"El-Haggar, S.M. (2007). Sustainable Industrial Design and Waste Management, Academic Press.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012373623-9\/50012-5"},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dhal, S., Alhamidi, A., Al-Zahrani, S.M., Anis, A., and Pal, K. (2023). The Influence of Emulsifiers on the Physiochemical Behavior of Soy Wax\/Rice Bran Oil-Based Oleogels and Their Application in Nutraceutical Delivery. Gels, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/gels9010047"},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.porgcoat.2014.08.012","article-title":"Enhanced Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel by Cross-Linked Lanolin-Coatings","volume":"78","author":"Hassan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Prog. Org. Coatings"},{"key":"ref_115","first-page":"45","article-title":"Bioremediation of Olive Mill Wastewaters with Fungi","volume":"4","author":"Amaral","year":"2010","journal-title":"Terr. Aquat. Environ. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ng, P.T.-B. (2011). Soybean\u2014Applications and Technology, IntechOpen.","DOI":"10.5772\/621"},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3297","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2020.1798346","article-title":"Sucrose Fatty Acid Esters: Synthesis, Emulsifying Capacities, Biological Activities and Structure-Property Profiles","volume":"61","author":"Teng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_118","unstructured":"Biomor Israel Ltd. (2023, March 02). Destillated Tall Oil for Addition to National List, Available online: https:\/\/www.ams.usda.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/media\/TallOildistilled.pdf."},{"key":"ref_119","unstructured":"Sindelar, S. (2023, March 04). China\u2014Peoples Republic of Standards for Uses of Food Additives\u2014Part II. Available online: https:\/\/www.dgav.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/China-GB-2760_2011-ParteII.pdf."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9906","DOI":"10.1021\/jf0517593","article-title":"Effects on the Flavor and Oxidative Stability of Stripped Soybean and Sunflower Oils with Added Pure Tocopherols","volume":"53","author":"Warner","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcata.2010.02.016","article-title":"Biodiesel Production Process by Homogeneous\/Heterogeneous Catalytic System Using an Acid\u2013Base Catalyst","volume":"378","author":"Macario","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl. Catal. A Gen."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2017.05.011","article-title":"Nanoparticles: Properties, Applications and Toxicities","volume":"12","author":"Khan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arab. J. Chem."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Souza, R.R., Faustino, V., Gon\u00e7alves, I.M., Moita, A.S., Ba\u00f1obre-L\u00f3pez, M., and Lima, R. (2022). A Review of the Advances and Challenges in Measuring the Thermal Conductivity of Nanofluids. Nanomaterials, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/nano12152526"},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101085","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tsep.2021.101085","article-title":"A Novel and Extremely Stable Nanofluid Based on Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Experimental Investigations on the Thermal Performance","volume":"26","author":"Souza","year":"2021","journal-title":"Therm. Sci. Eng. Prog."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmapro.2021.09.005","article-title":"Reinforced Lubrication of Vegetable Oils with Nano-Particle Additives in Broaching","volume":"70","author":"Ni","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Manuf. Process."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchas.2007.07.015","article-title":"Nanotechnology Emerging Health Issues","volume":"15","author":"Hoyt","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Chem. Health Saf."},{"key":"ref_127","first-page":"455","article-title":"Safety and Risk Associated with Nanoparticles\u2014A Review","volume":"9","author":"Vishwakarma","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Miner. Mater. Charact. Eng."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kumar, A., Sharma, A.K., and Katiyar, J.K. (2023). State-of-the-Art in Sustainable Machining of Different Materials Using Nano Minimum Quality Lubrication (NMQL). Lubricants, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/lubricants11020064"},{"key":"ref_129","unstructured":"Jadhav, D.B. (2018). Proceedings of the IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, IOP Publishing."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106916","DOI":"10.1016\/j.triboint.2021.106916","article-title":"Evaluation of the Clean Nano-Cutting Fluid by Considering the Tribological Performance and Cost Parameters","volume":"157","author":"Kilincarslan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Tribol. Int."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120755","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2020.120755","article-title":"Synergistic Effect of Silica and Pure Palm Oil on the Machining Performances of Inconel 690: A Study for Promoting Minimum Quantity Nano Doped-Green Lubricants","volume":"258","author":"Sen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nobrega, G., de Souza, R.R., Gon\u00e7alves, I.M., Moita, A.S., Ribeiro, J.E., and Lima, R.A. (2022). Recent Developments on the Thermal Properties, Stability and Applications of Nanofluids in Machining, Solar Energy and Biomedicine. Appl. Sci., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/app12031115"},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9026219","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/9026219","article-title":"Magnetic Nanoparticles as a Redispersing Additive in Magnetorheological Fluid","volume":"2017","author":"Portillo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Nanomater."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7278","DOI":"10.3390\/ma8115377","article-title":"Green Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles via Biological Entities","volume":"8","author":"Shah","year":"2015","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmapro.2020.09.044","article-title":"Vegetable Oil-Based Nanofluid Minimum Quantity Lubrication Turning: Academic Review and Perspectives","volume":"59","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Manuf. Process."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bashir, S.M., Rather, G.A., Patr\u00edcio, A., Haq, Z., Sheikh, A.A., Zahoor, M., Singh, H., Khan, A.A., Imtiyaz, S., and Ahmad, S.B. (2022). Chitosan Nanoparticles: A Versatile Platform for Biomedical Applications. Materials, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15196521"},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2013.02.034","article-title":"A Short Review on Novel Biocomposites Based on Plant Oil Precursors","volume":"49","author":"Mosiewicki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. Polym. J."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2744","DOI":"10.3390\/nano11102744","article-title":"Spherical Cellulose Micro and Nanoparticles: A Review of Recent Developments and Applications","volume":"11","author":"Silva","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2004.09.002","article-title":"Technical Aspects of Biodiesel Production by Transesterification - A Review","volume":"10","author":"Meher","year":"2006","journal-title":"Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-8524(99)00025-5","article-title":"Biodiesel Production: A Review1Journal Series #12109, Agricultural Research Division, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska\u2013Lincoln.1","volume":"70","author":"Ma","year":"1999","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpe.2015.06.007","article-title":"The Effects of Alcohol to Oil Molar Ratios and the Type of Alcohol on Biodiesel Production Using Transesterification Process","volume":"25","author":"Musa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Egypt. J. Pet."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1134\/S0040579512060097","article-title":"Biodiesel Production via Transesterification: Process Safety Insights from Kinetic Modeling","volume":"46","author":"Fabiano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Theor. Found. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mattod.2013.08.016","article-title":"Renewable Polymeric Materials from Vegetable Oils: A Perspective","volume":"16","author":"Lligadas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mater. Today"},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2013.12.023","article-title":"Vegetable Oil Based Eco-Friendly Coating Materials: A Review Article","volume":"7","author":"Alam","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arab. J. Chem."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.201301115","article-title":"Synthesis and Application of Carbonated Fatty Acid Esters from Carbon Dioxide Including a Life Cycle Analysis","volume":"7","author":"Blug","year":"2014","journal-title":"ChemSusChem"},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2411","DOI":"10.1021\/cr050989d","article-title":"Chemical Routes for the Transformation of Biomass into Chemicals","volume":"107","author":"Corma","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2010.03.002","article-title":"Homogeneous, Heterogeneous and Enzymatic Catalysis for Transesterification of High Free Fatty Acid Oil (Waste Cooking Oil) to Biodiesel: A Review","volume":"28","author":"Lam","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Adv."},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1002\/apj.466","article-title":"Selective Epoxidation of Natural Triglycerides Using Acidic Ion Exchange Resin as Catalyst","volume":"6","author":"Dinda","year":"2011","journal-title":"Asia-Pacific J. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.3923\/jas.2010.1545.1553","article-title":"Epoxidation of Vegetable Oils- Catalyst, Methods and Advantages","volume":"10","author":"Abdullah","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Appl. Sci."},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Soutelo-Maria, A., Dubois, J.L., Couturier, J.L., and Cravotto, G. (2018). Oxidative Cleavage of Fatty Acid Derivatives for Monomer Synthesis. Catalysts, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/catal8100464"},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1039\/C5CY01118C","article-title":"Chemically Catalyzed Oxidative Cleavage of Unsaturated Fatty Acids and Their Derivatives into Valuable Products for Industrial Applications: A Review and Perspective","volume":"6","author":"Do","year":"2016","journal-title":"Catal. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2015.01.005","article-title":"The Synthesis of Bio-Lubricant Based Oil by Hydrolysis and Non-Catalytic of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Using Lipase","volume":"44","author":"Syaima","year":"2015","journal-title":"Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev."},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11653","DOI":"10.1021\/ie501524z","article-title":"Hydrolysis of Vegetable Oils to Fatty Acids Using Br\u00f8nsted Acidic Ionic Liquids as Catalysts","volume":"53","author":"Luo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ind. Eng. Chem. Res."},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcab.2013.04.006","article-title":"Tune to Immobilize Lipases on Polymer Membranes: Techniques, Factors and Prospects","volume":"2","author":"Gupta","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biocatal. Agric. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9016","DOI":"10.1002\/app.40787","article-title":"Development of Vegetable-Oil-Based Polymers","volume":"131","author":"Islam","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2006.07.001","article-title":"Polymers from Triglyceride Oils","volume":"31","year":"2006","journal-title":"Prog. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Afonso, I.S., Pereira, J., Ribeiro, A.E., Amaral, J.S., Rodrigues, N., Gomes, J.R., Lima, R., and Ribeiro, J. (2022). Analysis of a Vegetable Oil Performance in a Milling Process by MQL Lubrication. Micromachines, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/mi13081254"},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-019-03636-y","article-title":"Performance Evaluation of Vegetable-Based Cutting Fluids in Turning of AISI 1050 Steel","volume":"103","author":"Carvalho","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol."},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmachtools.2010.06.001","article-title":"International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture Experimental Investigation on the Performance of Nanoboric Acid Suspensions in SAE-40 and Coconut Oil during Turning of AISI 1040 Steel","volume":"50","author":"Krishna","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf."},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1361\/105994999770346693","article-title":"Performance of Vegetable Oils as a Cooling Medium in Comparison to a Standard Mineral Oil","volume":"8","author":"Totten","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Mater. Eng. Perform."},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2017.04.061","article-title":"Lubri-Cooling and Tribological Behavior of Vegetable Oils during Milling of AISI 1045 Steel Focusing on Sustainable Manufacturing","volume":"156","author":"Junior","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_162","unstructured":"Zhang, J.Z., Rao, P.N., and Eckman, M. (2023, March 03). Experimental Evaluation of a Bio-Based Cutting Fluid Using Multiple Machining Characteristics. Available online: https:\/\/ijme.us\/issues\/spring2012\/abstracts\/Z__IJME%20spring%202012%20v12%20n2%20(paper%205).pdf."},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1794","DOI":"10.1177\/13506501211038113","article-title":"Experimental Investigation to Study the Effect of Synthesized and Characterized Monotype and Hybrid Nanofluids in Minimum Quantity Lubrication Assisted Turning of Bearing Steel","volume":"236","author":"Junankar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part J J. Eng. Tribol."},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.triboint.2015.10.006","article-title":"Effectiveness of Vegetable Oil Based Nanofluids as Potential Cutting Fluids in Turning AISI 1040 Steel","volume":"94","author":"Padmini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Tribol. Int."},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.4236\/mme.2018.81004","article-title":"Tribological Properties and Machining Performance of Vegetable Oil Based Metal Working Fluids\u2014A Review","volume":"8","author":"Jeevan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mod. Mech. Eng."},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmapro.2021.05.002","article-title":"A Comprehensive Review on Research Developments of Vegetable-Oil Based Cutting Fluids for Sustainable Machining Challenges","volume":"67","author":"Sankaranarayanan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Manuf. Process."},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.3103\/S1068366618660042","article-title":"Corrosive Action and Oxidation of Vegetable Oils Used in Lubricants","volume":"39","author":"Kavaliova","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Frict. Wear"},{"key":"ref_168","unstructured":"Adesusi, O., Adetunji, O., Ismaila, O., Dare, E., Erinle, T., Taiwo, O.S., and Ipadeola, S. (, January October). Corrosion Inhibition of Carbon Steel by Non-Edible Vegetable Oils Used as Cutting Fluids in Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL). Proceedings of the Corrosion Management in Construction and Infrastructure Development, Lagos, Nigeria."},{"key":"ref_169","first-page":"1845","article-title":"Study of Jojoba Vegetable Oil as Inhibitor of Carbon Steel C38 Corrosion in Different Acidic Media","volume":"6","author":"Aziate","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Mater. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Trzepieci\u0144ski, T. (2020). Tribological Performance of Environmentally Friendly Bio-Degradable Lubricants Based on a Combination of Boric Acid and Bio-Based Oils. Materials, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/ma13173892"},{"key":"ref_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1007\/s12046-013-0179-4","article-title":"Effects of Vegetable-Based Cutting Fluids on the Wear in Drilling Effects of Vegetable-Based Cutting Fluids on the Wear in Drilling","volume":"38","author":"Ozcelik","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sadhana"},{"key":"ref_172","first-page":"03015","article-title":"Performance of Palm Oil as a Biobased Machining Lubricant When Drilling Inconel 718","volume":"Volume 101","author":"Rahim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Sriwijaya International Conference on Engineering, Science and Technology (SICEST 2016)"},{"key":"ref_173","first-page":"543","article-title":"Biodegradation of Vegetable Oils: A Review","volume":"4","author":"Aluyor","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acad. J."},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/S0926-6690(99)00061-8","article-title":"Lubricant Basestocks from Vegetable Oils","volume":"11","author":"Erhan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ind. Crops Prod."},{"key":"ref_175","first-page":"21","article-title":"A Review on Tribological Performance of Nano Based Bio-Lubricants and Its Applications","volume":"6","author":"Saleem","year":"2021","journal-title":"GRD J. Eng."},{"key":"ref_176","first-page":"880","article-title":"Vegetable Oils as Lube Basestocks: A Review","volume":"12","author":"Srivastava","year":"2013","journal-title":"Afr. J. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_177","first-page":"41","article-title":"Parametric Optimization Of Angular Distortion On Mild Steel By Using MIG Welding","volume":"6","author":"Kumar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Adv. Eng. Technol."},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"063138","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4771694","article-title":"Wear, Durability, and Lubricating Oil Performance of a Straight Vegetable Oil (Karanja) Blend Fueled Direct Injection Compression Ignition Engine","volume":"4","author":"Agarwal","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Renew. Sustain. Energy"},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psep.2017.08.041","article-title":"Sustainability of a Non-Edible Vegetable Oil Based Bio-Lubricant for Automotive Applications: A Review","volume":"111","author":"Singh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Process Saf. Environ. Prot."}],"container-title":["Lubricants"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4442\/11\/4\/160\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T19:07:01Z","timestamp":1760123221000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4442\/11\/4\/160"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,30]]},"references-count":179,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]}},"alternative-id":["lubricants11040160"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/lubricants11040160","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-4442"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-4442","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,30]]}}}