{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T14:38:21Z","timestamp":1771684701638,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]],"date-time":"2024-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718928000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","award":["UIDB\/00481\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00481\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","award":["UIDP\/00481\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00481\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","award":["C644866475-00000012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C644866475-00000012"]}]},{"name":"PRR\u2014Plano de Recupera\u00e7\u00e3o e Resili\u00eancia","award":["UIDB\/00481\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00481\/2020"]}]},{"name":"PRR\u2014Plano de Recupera\u00e7\u00e3o e Resili\u00eancia","award":["UIDP\/00481\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00481\/2020"]}]},{"name":"PRR\u2014Plano de Recupera\u00e7\u00e3o e Resili\u00eancia","award":["C644866475-00000012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C644866475-00000012"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Lubricants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This research work focuses on the development and analysis of copper-filled linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) coatings deposited on LLDPE substrate via a thermocompression process. A dry mechanical mixing technique is employed to mix the copper\u2013LLDPE powders. This relevant technology aims to develop new solid lubricating layered composite coatings without a negative environmental impact. Four different materials of the coatings are considered, i.e., LLDPE + 2 wt.% Cu, LLDPE + 6 wt.% Cu, LLDPE + 10 wt.% Cu and LLDPE + 20 wt.% Cu. The microstructural characterizations indicate a good degree of dispersion and adhesion between the continuous and dispersed phases at 20 wt.% Cu coatings. The mechanical properties of the pure polymer and the fully filled composite materials are investigated experimentally using tensile tests and Micro-Vickers hardness. The stiffness, hardness and mechanical strength of the composites are enhanced. Friction tests are also carried out via a linear reciprocating sliding tribometer. The incorporation of copper powder has a significant improvement on the friction and wear properties of the developed coatings. Higher copper powder loading provides a lower friction coefficient and wear volume loss. The best tribological performances are obtained with the LLDPE + 20 wt.% Cu coating. The wear mechanism of the LLDPE substrate is severe adhesive wear, and it becomes mild abrasive wear in case of the 20 wt.% Cu coating.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/lubricants12070231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]],"date-time":"2024-06-21T08:50:08Z","timestamp":1718959808000},"page":"231","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Microstructural, Mechanical and Tribological Behaviors of Cu\/LLDPE-Based Composite Coatings for Lightweight Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Basma","family":"Ben Difallah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Electromechanical Systems, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia"}]},{"given":"Ayda","family":"Bouaziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Electromechanical Systems, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6226-654X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Horovistiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"},{"name":"LASI\u2014Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0843-325X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed","family":"Kharrat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Electromechanical Systems, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia"}]},{"given":"Maher","family":"Dammak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Electromechanical Systems, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9sar","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Development, Rodi Industries, S.A., Eixo, 3801-551 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8342-5116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"},{"name":"LASI\u2014Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory, 4800-058 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9399(2003)129:3(310)","article-title":"Creep of Polymer Matrix Composites. 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