{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T21:27:26Z","timestamp":1771536446841,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,20]],"date-time":"2018-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1545264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID\/CTM\/50011\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/CTM\/50011\/2013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PEst-UID\/NEU\/04539\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PEst-UID\/NEU\/04539\/2013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The present work aims at evaluating the potential gains derived from partially replacing calcium in resorbable \u03b2-tricalcium phosphate (\u03b2-TCP) by two different molar percentages of strontium (5, 10) and zinc (1, 2), concomitantly with a fixed molar percentage (0.5) of manganese. Synthetic granular composite bone filling grafts consisting of doped \u03b2-TCP and an alkali-free bioactive glass were prepared and implanted in ~4 mm diameter bone defects drilled in the calvaria of Wistar rats used as animal models. The animals were sacrificed after 9 weeks of implantation and the calvaria was excised. Non-manipulated bone was used as positive control, while empty defects were used as a negative control group. The von Kossa staining revealed an enhanced new bone formation with increasing doping levels, supporting the therapeutic effects exerted by the doping elements. The percentage of newly formed bone was similar when the defects were filled with autologous bone, BG (previous results) or 3TCP2\/7BG, which indicates that the latter two are excellent candidates for replacement of autologous bone as bone regeneration material. This finding confirms that doping with suitable doses of therapeutic ions is a good strategy towards transposing the bone graft materials to biomedical applications in humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma12010004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,20]],"date-time":"2018-12-20T12:54:36Z","timestamp":1545310476000},"page":"4","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Doping \u03b2-TCP as a Strategy for Enhancing the Regenerative Potential of Composite \u03b2-TCP\u2014Alkali-Free Bioactive Glass Bone Grafts. Experimental Study in Rats"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Manuel M.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana F.","family":"Brito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"OssMed\u2014Regeneration Technology, Biocant - Ass de Transf. de Tecnologia, Pq Tecnol\u00f3gico de Cantanhede, N\u00facleo 04, Lote 3, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal"},{"name":"Biophysics and Biomathematics Institute, IBILI-Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-548, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Brazete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO, University of Aveiro, Campus Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"In\u00eas C.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO, University of Aveiro, Campus Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Eunice","family":"Carrilho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4185-7871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana M.","family":"Abrantes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Biophysics and Biomathematics Institute, IBILI-Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-548, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7994-4650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana S.","family":"Pires","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Biophysics and Biomathematics Institute, IBILI-Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-548, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Maria J.","family":"Aguiar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Lina","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7202-1650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria F.","family":"Botelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Biophysics and Biomathematics Institute, IBILI-Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-548, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7520-2809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 M.F.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO, University of Aveiro, Campus Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Planell, J.A., Best, M., Lacroix, D., and Merolli, A. 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