{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T14:02:52Z","timestamp":1776693772434,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,21]],"date-time":"2019-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1558396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Emerging pollutants are an essential class of recalcitrant contaminants that are not eliminated from water after conventional treatment. Here, a photocatalytic microporous membrane based on polyvinylidene difluoride-co-trifluoroethylene (PVDF\u2212TrFE) with immobilised TiO2 nanoparticles, prepared by solvent casting, was tested against representative emerging pollutants. The structure and composition of these polymeric membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, porosimetry, and contact angle goniometry. The nanocomposites exhibited a porous structure with a uniform distribution of TiO2 nanoparticles. The addition of TiO2 did not change the structure of the polymeric matrix; however, it increased the wettability of the nanocomposite. The nanocomposites degraded 99% of methylene blue (MB), 95% of ciprofloxacin (CIP), and 48% of ibuprofen (IBP). The microporous nanocomposite exhibited no photocatalytic efficiency loss after four use cycles, corresponding to 20 h of UV irradiation. The reusability of this system confirms the promising nature of polymer nanocomposites as the basis for cost-effective and scalable treatments of emerging pollutants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma12101649","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,21]],"date-time":"2019-05-21T10:52:51Z","timestamp":1558435971000},"page":"1649","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Photocatalytic Microporous Membrane against the Increasing Problem of Water Emerging Pollutants"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8179-8242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro M.","family":"Martins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Physics, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability (IB-S), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3889-202X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joana M.","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Physics, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9089-4076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dmitri. Y.","family":"Petrovykh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Avenida Mestre Jos\u00e9 Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6574-7848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianaurelio","family":"Cuniberti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany"},{"name":"Dresden Center for Computational Materials Science, TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany"},{"name":"Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1396-9078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciana","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Senentxu","family":"Lanceros-M\u00e9ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Physics, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"Basque Center for Materials, Applications, and Nanostructures, UPV\/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain"},{"name":"IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2011.08.002","article-title":"Emerging pollutants in wastewater: A review of the literature","volume":"214","author":"Deblonde","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. 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