{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T05:39:05Z","timestamp":1769578745790,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,8]],"date-time":"2019-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575763200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Urban Architecture Research Program funded by Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport of Korean government","award":["17AUDP-B121595-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17AUDP-B121595-02"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The mechanical properties of 3D-printed mortars are determined in terms of their compressive and direct tensile bond strengths. To determine such properties using existing methods, a preliminary experiment was conducted. The compressive strength of the printed mortar was compared to mold-casted specimens and it was found that the compressive strength decreased by ~30%. Among the fabrication variables, an increase in nozzle height negatively influenced the direct tensile bond strength. For the same conditions and age, the direct tensile strength decreased by as much as 16\u201329% when the number of layers increased from 2 to 6. When the specimens were fabricated using a specially designed stainless steel frame and core drill, followed by extraction and the application of physical impact, the 28 days compressive strength of the specimen decreased by ~50%.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma12244104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,9]],"date-time":"2019-12-09T05:54:51Z","timestamp":1575870891000},"page":"4104","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Evaluation of the Mechanical Properties of a 3D-Printed Mortar"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1424-0657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hojae","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Daehwa-Dong, Goyang-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 10223, Korea"},{"name":"School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Shinchon-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5138-8282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jang-Ho Jay","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Shinchon-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea"}]},{"given":"Jae-Heum","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Daehwa-Dong, Goyang-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 10223, Korea"}]},{"given":"Won-Woo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Daehwa-Dong, Goyang-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 10223, Korea"}]},{"given":"Eun-A","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Daehwa-Dong, Goyang-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 10223, Korea"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2003.08.012","article-title":"Automated construction by contour crafting\u2014Related robotics and information technologies","volume":"13","author":"Khoshnevis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Autom. 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