{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T12:05:58Z","timestamp":1768565158514,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]],"date-time":"2020-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CAPES-COFECUB","award":["801-14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["801-14"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2010\/16504-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2010\/16504-0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["304604\/2015-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["304604\/2015-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["400677\/2014-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["400677\/2014-8"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The piezoelectric properties of lanthanum-modified lead zirconate titanate Pb1\u2212xLax(Zr0.52Ti0.48)1\u2212x\/4O3 thin films, with x = 0, 3 and 12 mol% La, were studied by in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction under direct (DC) and alternating (AC) electric fields, with AC frequencies covering more than four orders of magnitude. The Bragg reflections for thin films with low lanthanum concentration exhibit a double-peak structure, indicating two contributions, whereas thin films with 12% La possess a well-defined Bragg peak with a single component. In addition, built-in electric fields are revealed for low La concentrations, while they are absent for thin films with 12% of La. For static and low frequency AC electric fields, all lanthanum-modified lead zirconate titanate thin films exhibit butterfly loops, whereas linear piezoelectric behavior is found for AC frequencies larger than 1 Hz.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma13153338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,28]],"date-time":"2020-07-28T10:16:49Z","timestamp":1595931409000},"page":"3338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Piezoelectric Properties of Pb1\u2212xLax(Zr0.52Ti0.48)1\u2212x\/4O3 Thin Films Studied by In Situ X-ray Diffraction"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4272-4720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas W.","family":"Cornelius","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix Marseille Univ, Univ Toulon, CNRS, IM2NP, CEDEX 20, 13397 Marseille, France"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5540-449X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristian","family":"Mocuta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Synchrotron SOLEIL, L\u2019Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin-BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phanie","family":"Escoubas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix Marseille Univ, Univ Toulon, CNRS, IM2NP, CEDEX 20, 13397 Marseille, France"}]},{"given":"Luiz R. M.","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rio Verde (UniRV), Rio Verde 75901-970, Brazil"},{"name":"School of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Department of Physics and Chemistry, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Ilha Solteira 15385-000, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Eudes B.","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Department of Physics and Chemistry, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Ilha Solteira 15385-000, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3432-7610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrei L.","family":"Kholkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics &amp; CICECO\u2014Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory of Functional Low-Dimensional Structures, National University of Science and Technology MISiS, 119049 Moscow, Russia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0583-9257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olivier","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix Marseille Univ, Univ Toulon, CNRS, IM2NP, CEDEX 20, 13397 Marseille, France"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Jaffe, B., Cook, W.R., and Jaffe, H. 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