{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]],"date-time":"2026-05-10T08:28:34Z","timestamp":1778401714789,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]],"date-time":"2020-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603065600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006245","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Israel","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3-16492"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3-16492"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006245","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002261","name":"Russian Foundation for Basic Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19-52-06004 MNTI_a"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19-52-06004 MNTI_a"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002261","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012190","name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3.9534.2017\/8.9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3.9534.2017\/8.9"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012190","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/ 50011\/2020, UIDP\/50011\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/ 50011\/2020, UIDP\/50011\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Surface pyroelectricity and piezoelectricity induced by water incorporation during growth in \u03b1-glycine were investigated. Using the periodic temperature change technique, we have determined the thickness (~280 \u00b5m) of the near surface layer (NSL) and its pyroelectric coefficient (160 pC\/(K \u00d7 cm2) at 23 \u00b0C) independently. The thickness of NSL remains nearly constant till 60 \u00b0C and the pyroelectric effect vanishes abruptly by 70 \u00b0C. The piezoelectric effect, 0.1 pm\/V at 23 \u00b0C measured with an interferometer, followed the same temperature dependence as the pyroelectric effect. Abrupt disappearance of both effects at 70 \u00b0C is irreversible and suggests that water incorporation to \u03b1-glycine forms a well defined near surface phase, which is different form \u03b1-glycine because it is polar but it too close to \u03b1-glycine to be distinguished by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The secondary pyroelectric effect was found to be &lt;14% of the total, which is unexpectedly small for a material with a large thermal expansion coefficient. This implies that water incorporation infers minimal distortions in the host lattice. This finding suggests a path for the control of the piezoelectric and pyroelectric effects of the crystals using stereospecific incorporation of the guest molecules.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma13204663","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]],"date-time":"2020-10-19T20:44:41Z","timestamp":1603140281000},"page":"4663","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Surface Piezoelectricity and Pyroelectricity in Centrosymmetric Materials: A Case of \u03b1-Glycine"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Shiri","family":"Dishon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Herzl St 234, Rehovot 7610001, Israel"}]},{"given":"Andrei","family":"Ushakov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Lenin Ave. 51, 620000 Ekaterinburg, Russia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1329-2474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alla","family":"Nuraeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Lenin Ave. 51, 620000 Ekaterinburg, Russia"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Ehre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Herzl St 234, Rehovot 7610001, Israel"}]},{"given":"Meir","family":"Lahav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Herzl St 234, Rehovot 7610001, Israel"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6970-7798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vladimir","family":"Shur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Lenin Ave. 51, 620000 Ekaterinburg, Russia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3432-7610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrei","family":"Kholkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Lenin Ave. 51, 620000 Ekaterinburg, Russia"},{"name":"CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Lubomirsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Herzl St 234, Rehovot 7610001, Israel"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6513","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201301836","article-title":"Water Induced Pyroelectricity from Non-Polar Crystals of Amino Acids","volume":"52","author":"Piperno","year":"2013","journal-title":"Angew. 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