{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T01:56:26Z","timestamp":1760234186277,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]],"date-time":"2021-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014440","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BIA2017-83526-R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BIA2017-83526-R"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04378\/2020","UID\/QUI\/50006\/2020","IF\/01054\/2014\/CP1224\/CT0005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04378\/2020","UID\/QUI\/50006\/2020","IF\/01054\/2014\/CP1224\/CT0005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04625\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04625\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The large increase in the world population has resulted in a very large amount of construction waste, as well as a large amount of waste glycerol from transesterification reactions of acyl glycerides from oils and fats, in particular from the production of biodiesel. Only a limited percentage of these two residues are recycled, which generates a large management problem worldwide. For that reason, in this study, we used crude glycerol as a carbon source to cultivate polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)-producing mixed microbial cultures (MMC). Two bioproducts derived from these cultures were applied on the surface of concrete with recycled aggregate to create a protective layer. To evaluate the effect of the treatments, tests of water absorption by capillarity and under low pressure with Karsten tubes were performed. Furthermore, SEM-EDS analysis showed the physical barrier caused by biotreatments that produced a reduction on capillarity water absorption of up to 20% and improved the impermeability of recycled concrete against the penetration of water under pressure up to 2.7 times relative to the reference. Therefore, this bioproduct shown to be a promising treatment to protect against penetration of water to concrete surfaces increasing its durability and useful life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma14082057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]],"date-time":"2021-04-19T11:21:38Z","timestamp":1618831298000},"page":"2057","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Use of Bioproducts Derived from Mixed Microbial Cultures Grown with Crude Glycerol to Protect Recycled Concrete Surfaces"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8547-7817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorena","family":"Serrano-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, University of Le\u00f3n, Av. De Portugal 41, 24071 Leon, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0149-2775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Merino-Maldonado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, University of Le\u00f3n, Av. De Portugal 41, 24071 Leon, Spain"}]},{"given":"Manuel Ignacio","family":"Guerra-Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, University of Le\u00f3n, Av. De Portugal 41, 24071 Leon, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8768-5898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia Mar\u00eda","family":"Mor\u00e1n-del Pozo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, University of Le\u00f3n, Av. De Portugal 41, 24071 Leon, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6094-0107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo Costa","family":"Lemos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry-Chemistry and Technology Network (LAQV-REQUIMTE), Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology (FCT NOVA), NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Alice Santos","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit (UCIBIO), Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology (FCT NOVA), NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0372-949X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulina","family":"Faria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Civil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability (CERIS), Department of Civil Engineering, NOVA School of Science and Technology (FCT NOVA), NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8972-1861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Garc\u00eda-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, University of Le\u00f3n, Av. De Portugal 41, 24071 Leon, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0902-6429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Juan-Vald\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, University of Le\u00f3n, Av. De Portugal 41, 24071 Leon, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138534","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.138534","article-title":"Synthesis of renewable heterogeneous acid catalyst from oil palm empty fruit bunch for glycerol-free biodiesel production","volume":"727","author":"Wong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. 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