{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T17:58:44Z","timestamp":1762624724310,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,22]],"date-time":"2021-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634860800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BPD\/101517\/2014","In the scope of the framework contract foreseen in the numbers 4, 5 and 6 of the article 23, of the Decree-Law 57\/2016, of August 29, changed by Law 57\/2017, of July 19.","GeoBioTec Research Centre (UID\/GEO\/04035\/2019 + UIDB\/04035\/2020)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BPD\/101517\/2014","In the scope of the framework contract foreseen in the numbers 4, 5 and 6 of the article 23, of the Decree-Law 57\/2016, of August 29, changed by Law 57\/2017, of July 19.","GeoBioTec Research Centre (UID\/GEO\/04035\/2019 + UIDB\/04035\/2020)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This investigation intends to study and characterize the mortars and bricks from walls and floors used in the funerary nucleus of the archaeological site of Dr. Gon\u00e7alo Sampaio Street (Braga, Portugal), associated with the Via XVII necropolis of the Bracara Augusta Roman city. The diversity of the funeral structures and their exceptional state of conservation make this sector of the necropolis an unprecedented case and a reference site in the archaeology of Braga, a determinant for its conservation and musealization. Nineteen mortars samples were analysed by X-ray Fluorescence. The results showed clear chemical composition differences among coating and floor mortars (CFM), masonry mortars (MM) and bricks (B) groups of samples. The chemical affinity between CFM from the V to IV centuries, CFM from the IV to V centuries, MM from brick walls (IV\u2013V centuries), MM from stone walls (V\u2013VII centuries) and B from the IV to V centuries samples were confirmed by statistical analyses. Their composition was distinctly related to the use of different raw materials, according to their chronological context; in mortars, according to their function in the structures; and in some samples, from contamination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma14216290","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,22]],"date-time":"2021-10-22T09:18:09Z","timestamp":1634894289000},"page":"6290","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Archaeological and Chemical Investigation on Mortars and Bricks from a Necropolis in Braga, Northwest of Portugal"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1440-1609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Fragata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"GeoBioTec\u2014GeoBioSciences, GeoTechnologies and GeoEngineering Research Unit, Geosciences Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6664-8545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla","family":"Candeias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GeoBioTec\u2014GeoBioSciences, GeoTechnologies and GeoEngineering Research Unit, Geosciences Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1792-9145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lab2PT\u2014Landscapes, Heritage and Territory Laboratory Research Unit, Institute of Social Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Braga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lab2PT\u2014Landscapes, Heritage and Territory Laboratory Research Unit, Institute of Social Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Fontes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lab2PT\u2014Landscapes, Heritage and Territory Laboratory Research Unit, Institute of Social Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9604-2779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Velosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RISCO\u2014Research Centre for Risks and Sustainability in Construction, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3636-3933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GeoBioTec\u2014GeoBioSciences, GeoTechnologies and GeoEngineering Research Unit, Geosciences Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fragata, A., Ribeiro, J., Candeias, C., Velosa, A., and Rocha, F. 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