{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T10:24:39Z","timestamp":1774952679335,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,27]],"date-time":"2021-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635292800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID\/NEU\/04539\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/NEU\/04539\/2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04539\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDP\/04539\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04539\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to assess the cytotoxicity of commercially available adhesive strategies\u2014etch-and-rinse (Adper\u2122 Scotchbond\u2122 1 XT, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA, SB1), self-etch (Clearfil\u2122 SE Bond 2, Kuraray Noritake Dental Inc., Tokyo, Japan, CSE), and universal (Scotchbond\u2122 Universal, 3M Deutschland GmbH, Neuss, Germany, SBU). MDPC-23 cells were exposed to adhesives extracts in different concentrations and exposure times. To access cell metabolic activity, viability, types of cell death, and cell cycle, the MTT assay, SRB assay, double labeling with annexin V and propidium iodide, and labeling with propidium iodide\/RNAse were performed, respectively. Cultures were stained with May-Gr\u00fcnwald Giemsa for qualitative cytotoxicity assessment. The SB1, CSE, and SBU extracts determined a significant reduction in cell metabolism and viability. This reduction was higher for prolonged exposures, even for less concentrated extracts. CSE extracts significantly reduced the cell\u2019s metabolic activity at higher concentrations (50% and 100%) from 2 h of exposure. After 24 and 96 h, a metabolic activity reduction was verified for all adhesives, even at lower concentrations. These changes were dependent on the adhesive, its concentration, and the incubation time. Regarding cell viability, SBU extracts were the least cytotoxic, and CSE was significantly more cytotoxic than SB1 and SBU. The adhesives determined a reduction in viable cells and an increase in apoptotic, late apoptosis\/necrosis, and necrotic cells. Moreover, on cultures exposed to SB1 and CSE extracts, a decrease in the cells in S and G2\/M phases and an increase in the cells in G0\/G1 phase was observed. Exposure to SBU led to an increase of cells in the S phase. In general, all adhesives determined cytotoxicity. CSE extracts were the most cytotoxic and were classified as having a higher degree of reactivity, leading to more significant inhibition of cell growth and destruction of the cell\u2019s layers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma14216435","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,27]],"date-time":"2021-10-27T23:24:42Z","timestamp":1635377082000},"page":"6435","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effects of Adper\u2122 Scotchbond\u2122 1 XT, Clearfil\u2122 SE Bond 2 and Scotchbond\u2122 Universal in Odontoblasts"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9170-4334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2924-7926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9269-5417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos Miguel","family":"Marto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1470-4802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Cristina","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6154-4173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anabela","family":"Paula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4142-4841","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Bela Sarmento","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5968-6161","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel Marques","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7202-1650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Filomena","family":"Botelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Experimental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0689-6007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mafalda","family":"Laranjo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 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Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"From Buonocore\u2019s Pioneering Acid-Etch Technique to Self-Adhering Restoratives. 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Based Dent."}],"container-title":["Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1944\/14\/21\/6435\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T07:24:35Z","timestamp":1760167475000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1944\/14\/21\/6435"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,27]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"21","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]}},"alternative-id":["ma14216435"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ma14216435","relation":{},"ISSN":["1996-1944"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1996-1944","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,27]]}}}