{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T20:49:20Z","timestamp":1771879760072,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04378\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04378\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04625\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04625\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID\/QUI\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/QUI\/50006\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003329","name":"Ministry of Economy and competitiveness","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BIA2017-83526-R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BIA2017-83526-R"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>One approach to tackle the problems created by the vast amounts of construction and demolition waste (CDW) generated worldwide while at the same time lengthening concrete durability and service life is to foster the use of recycled aggregate (RA) rather than natural aggregate (NA). This article discusses the use of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs)-producing mixed microbial cultures (MMCs) to treat the surface of recycled concrete with a view to increase its resistance to water-mediated deterioration. The microorganisms were cultured in a minimal medium using waste pinewood bio-oil as a carbon source. Post-application variations in substrate permeability were determined with the water drop absorption and penetration by water under pressure tests. The significant reduction in water absorption recorded reveals that this bioproduct is a promising surface treatment for recycled concrete.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma14216545","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T22:22:24Z","timestamp":1635805344000},"page":"6545","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Use of Mixed Microbial Cultures to Protect Recycled Concrete Surfaces: A Preliminary Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8547-7817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorena","family":"Serrano-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, University of Le\u00f3n, Av. De Portugal 41, 24071 Leon, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0149-2775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Merino-Maldonado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, University of Le\u00f3n, Av. De Portugal 41, 24071 Leon, Spain"}]},{"given":"Manuel Ignacio","family":"Guerra-Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, University of Le\u00f3n, Av. De Portugal 41, 24071 Leon, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8768-5898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia Mar\u00eda","family":"Mor\u00e1n-Del Pozo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, University of Le\u00f3n, Av. De Portugal 41, 24071 Leon, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6094-0107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo Costa","family":"Lemos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry-Chemistry and Technology Network (LAQV-REQUIMTE), Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology (FCT NOVA), NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Alice Santos","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit (UCIBIO), Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology (FCT NOVA), NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0372-949X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulina","family":"Faria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Civil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability (CERIS), Department of Civil Engineering, NOVA School of Science and Technology (FCT NOVA), NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8972-1861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Garc\u00eda-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, University of Le\u00f3n, Av. De Portugal 41, 24071 Leon, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0902-6429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Juan-Vald\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agricultural and Forest Engineering, University of Le\u00f3n, Av. De Portugal 41, 24071 Leon, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2018.03.240","article-title":"A review of recycled aggregate in concrete applications (2000\u20132017)","volume":"172","author":"Tam","year":"2018","journal-title":"Constr. Build. 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