{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T00:42:15Z","timestamp":1771634535199,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,4]],"date-time":"2021-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638576000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Architecture &amp; Urban Development Research Program funded by the Ministry of Land Infra-structure and Transport, Government of Korea","award":["21 AUDP-B121595-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21 AUDP-B121595-06"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Binder jetting 3D printing (BJ3DP) is used to create geometrical and topology-optimized building structures via architectural geometric design owing to its high degree of freedom in geometry implementation. However, building structures require high mechanical and durability performance. Because of the recent trend of using 3D printing concrete as a structural component in reinforcing bars, its durability with respect to chloride penetration needs to be reviewed. Therefore, in this study, the compressive strength and durability of the chloride diffusion of cement-based 3D-printed output were evaluated. In addition, to confirm the performance difference based on the build orientation, the compressive strength and chloride diffusion were evaluated with respect to the build direction and transverse direction. The experimental results show that the compressive strength was approximately 22.1\u201326.5% lower in the transverse direction than in the build direction and that the chloride diffusion coefficient was approximately 186.1\u2013407.1% higher in the transverse direction. Consequently, when a structure that requires long-term durability is produced using BJ3DP, it is necessary to examine the design and manufacturing methods in relation to the build orientation in advance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma14237452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,5]],"date-time":"2021-12-05T21:01:45Z","timestamp":1638738105000},"page":"7452","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Chloride Diffusion by Build Orientation of Cementitious Material-Based Binder Jetting 3D Printing Mortar"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Kyung-Sung","family":"Min","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Construction Technology Research Center, Korea Conformity Laboratories, Construction Division, Seoul 08503, Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3059-3068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kwang-Min","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Construction Technology Research Center, Korea Conformity Laboratories, Construction Division, Seoul 08503, Korea"}]},{"given":"Bong-Chun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metal Machinery Center, Korea Conformity Laboratories, Components & Materials Division, Incheon 21591, Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6042-6711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Young-Sook","family":"Roh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Architectural Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Korea"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2016.04.150","article-title":"Additive Manufacturing and Sustainability: An Exploratory Study of the Advantages and Challenges","volume":"137","author":"Ford","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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