{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T04:01:41Z","timestamp":1773115301759,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,25]],"date-time":"2022-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04650\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04650\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PTDC\/QUI-QFI\/28020\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/QUI-QFI\/28020\/2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BD\/115844\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/115844\/2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"European Fund of Regional Development","award":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028020"]}]},{"name":"Portugal2020","award":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028020"]}]},{"name":"Compete2020","award":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028020"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004895","name":"European Social Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BD\/115844\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/115844\/2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004895","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The development of stimuli-sensitive drug delivery systems is a very attractive area of current research in cancer therapy. The deep knowledge on the microenvironment of tumors has supported the progress of nanosystems\u2019 ability for controlled and local fusion as well as drug release. Temperature and pH are two of the most promising triggers in the development of sensitive formulations to improve the efficacy of anticancer agents. Herein, magnetic liposomes with fusogenic sensitivity to pH and temperature were developed aiming at dual cancer therapy (by chemotherapy and magnetic hyperthermia). Magnetic nanoparticles of mixed calcium\/manganese ferrite were synthesized by co-precipitation with citrate and by sol\u2013gel method, and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy in transmission mode (STEM), and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). The citrate-stabilized nanoparticles showed a small-sized population (around 8 nm, determined by XRD) and suitable magnetic properties, with a low coercivity and high saturation magnetization (~54 emu\/g). The nanoparticles were incorporated into liposomes of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine\/cholesteryl hemisuccinate (DPPC:CHEMS) and of the same components with a PEGylated lipid (DPPC:CHEMS:DSPE-PEG), resulting in magnetoliposomes with sizes around 100 nm. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and electrophoretic light scattering (ELS) measurements were performed to investigate the pH-sensitivity of the magnetoliposomes\u2019 fusogenic ability. Two new antitumor thienopyridine derivatives were efficiently encapsulated in the magnetic liposomes and the drug delivery capability of the loaded nanosystems was evaluated, under different pH and temperature conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15051737","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,27]],"date-time":"2022-02-27T20:47:17Z","timestamp":1645994837000},"page":"1737","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Development of Thermo- and pH-Sensitive Liposomal Magnetic Carriers for New Potential Antitumor Thienopyridine Derivatives"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Beatriz C.","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Physics of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Cristina A. R.","family":"Alvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Physics of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"B\u00e1rbara C.","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Physics of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4261-1101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliana M.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Chemistry (CQUM), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4322-8035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Jo\u00e3o R. P.","family":"Queiroz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Chemistry (CQUM), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Bernardo G.","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Physics of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Pires","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IFIMUP-Instituto de F\u00edsica dos Materiais, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9 M.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IFIMUP-Instituto de F\u00edsica dos Materiais, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1646-7727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o P.","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IFIMUP-Instituto de F\u00edsica dos Materiais, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4426-9207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo J. G.","family":"Coutinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Physics of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6094-1713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Rita O.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Physics of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5829-6081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabete M. S.","family":"Castanheira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Physics of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP), Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2010.139","article-title":"Delivering nanomedicine to solid tumors","volume":"7","author":"Jain","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10636","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.8b06104","article-title":"Stimuli-responsive nano-architecture drug-delivery systems to solid tumor micromilieu: Past, present, and future perspectives","volume":"12","author":"Ahmed","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Raza, A., Rasheed, T., Nabeel, F., Hayat, U., Bilal, M., and Iqbal, H.M.N. (2019). 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