{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T21:26:13Z","timestamp":1773350773505,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,16]],"date-time":"2022-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663286400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"P2020"},{"name":"SI I&amp;DT n\u00ba POCI-01-0247-FEDER-045258"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Control of food spoilage is a critical concern in the current world scenario, not only to ensure the quality and safety of food but also to avoid the generation of food waste. This paper evaluates a dual-sensor strategy using six different pH indicators stamped on cardboard for the detection of spoilage in three different foods: beef, salmon, and strawberries. After function validation and formulation optimizations in the laboratory, the halochromic sensors methyl orange and bromocresol purple 2% (w\/v) were stamped on cardboard and, in contact with the previously mentioned foods, were able to produce an easily perceptible signal for spoilage by changing color. Additionally, when it comes to mechanical characterization the inks showed high abrasion (&gt;100 cycles) and adhesion resistance (&gt;91%).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15186431","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,19]],"date-time":"2022-09-19T02:06:50Z","timestamp":1663553210000},"page":"6431","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Halochromic Inks Applied on Cardboard for Food Spoilage Monitorization"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Liliana","family":"Leite","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal"},{"name":"Fibrenamics-Institute of Innovation on Fiber-based Materials and Composites, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal"}]},{"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Boticas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal"},{"name":"Fibrenamics-Institute of Innovation on Fiber-based Materials and Composites, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal"},{"name":"Fibrenamics-Institute of Innovation on Fiber-based Materials and Composites, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1442-5128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Nobre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal"},{"name":"Fibrenamics-Institute of Innovation on Fiber-based Materials and Composites, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0950-4961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Bessa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal"},{"name":"Fibrenamics-Institute of Innovation on Fiber-based Materials and Composites, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1566-3566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal"},{"name":"Fibrenamics-Institute of Innovation on Fiber-based Materials and Composites, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jos\u00e9 Neves & Cia., Lda., Parque Industrial de Ponte 1\u00aa Fase, Lote F, n\u00ba 277, 4801-911 Guimaraes, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3303-6563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ra\u00fal","family":"Fangueiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal"},{"name":"Fibrenamics-Institute of Innovation on Fiber-based Materials and Composites, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Population Division United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (2021, September 03). 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