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I.P.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50006\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT I.P.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDP\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/50006\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT I.P.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["02\/C12-i01\/202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["02\/C12-i01\/202"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"FCT I.P.","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023.03035.BD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023.03035.BD"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In recent years, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) have gained notoriety because of their desirable properties that include proven biodegradability, biocompatibility, and thermal stability, which make them suitable alternatives to fossil-based polymers. However, the widespread use of PHAs is still challenging because of their production costs, which are greatly associated with the cultivation medium used for bacterial cultivation. In Portugal, one-quarter of the forest area is covered by Eucalyptus globulus wood, making its residues a cheap, abundant, and sustainable potential carbon source for biotechnological uses. In this work, eucalyptus bark was used as the sole feedstock for PHA production in a circular bioeconomic approach. Eucalyptus bark hydrolysate was obtained after enzymatic saccharification using Cellic\u00ae CTec3, resulting in a sugar-rich solution containing glucose and xylose. Although with differing performances, several bacteria were able to grow and produce PHA with distinct compositions, using the enzymatic hydrolysate as the sole carbon source. Pseudomonas citronellolis NRRL B-2504 achieved a high cellular growth rate in bioreactor assays (24.4 \u00b1 0.15 g\/L) but presented a low accumulation of a medium-chain-length PHA (mcl-PHA) comprising the monomers hydroxydecanoate (HD, 65%), hydroxydodecanoate (HDd, 25%), and hydroxytetradecanoate (HTd, 14%). Burkholderia thailandensis E264, on the other hand, reached a lower cellular growth rate (8.87 \u00b1 0.34 g\/L) but showed a higher biopolymer accumulation, with a polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) content in the cells of 12.3 wt.%. The new isolate, Pseudomonas sp., revealed that under nitrogen availability, it was able to reach a higher accumulation of the homopolymer PHB (31 wt.%). These results, although preliminary, demonstrate the suitability of eucalyptus bark\u2019s enzymatic hydrolysate as a feedstock for PHA production, thus offering an exciting avenue for achieving sustainable and environmentally responsible plastic products from an undervalued forestry waste.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma17081773","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]],"date-time":"2024-04-12T03:34:37Z","timestamp":1712892877000},"page":"1773","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Polyhydroxyalkanoate Production from Eucalyptus Bark\u2019s Enzymatic Hydrolysate"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3581-9505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO\u2014Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Cristiana A. V.","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO\u2014Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9153-4080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidade de Bioenergia e Biorrefinarias, Laborat\u00f3rio Nacional de Energia e Geologia I.P., 2610-999 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5376-8430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"G\u00edrio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidade de Bioenergia e Biorrefinarias, Laborat\u00f3rio Nacional de Energia e Geologia I.P., 2610-999 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9430-4640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filomena","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO\u2014Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4000-1836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria A. M.","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO\u2014Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"200","article-title":"Textile Fiber Production of Biopolymers\u2014A Review of Spinning Techniques for Polyhydroxyalkanoates in Biomedical Applications","volume":"63","author":"Kopf","year":"2023","journal-title":"Politics Rev."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112068","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2023.112068","article-title":"Recent Advances in Biodegradable Polymers\u2014Properties, Applications and Future Prospects","volume":"192","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. Polym. J."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2120","DOI":"10.1039\/D3SU00126A","article-title":"A Review on Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Production through the Use of Lignocellulosic Biomass","volume":"1","author":"Zytner","year":"2023","journal-title":"RSC Sustain."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Rojo, S., and D\u00edez-Antol\u00ednez, R. (2023). Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates as a Feasible Alternative for an Integrated Multiproduct Lignocellulosic Biorefinery. Bioresour. Technol., 386.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2023.129493"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2020.122521","article-title":"Lignocellulosic Feedstock: A Review of a Sustainable Platform for Cleaner Production of Nature\u2019s Plastics","volume":"270","author":"Govil","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clean. 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