{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T07:10:41Z","timestamp":1774422641452,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":114,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]],"date-time":"2024-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724803200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vital pulp therapy aims to preserve the vitality of dental pulp exposed due to caries, trauma, or restorative procedures. The aim of the present review was to evaluate the clinical, radiographic, and histological outcomes of different calcium silicate-based cements used in vital pulp therapy for both primary and permanent teeth. The review included 40 randomized controlled trials from a search across PubMed, LILACS, and the Cochrane Collaboration, as well as manual searches and author inquiries according to specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. A critical assessment of studies was conducted, and after data extraction the results were submitted to a quantitative statistical analysis using meta-analysis. The studies, involving 1701 patients and 3168 teeth, compared a total of 18 different calcium silicate-based cements in both dentitions. The qualitative synthesis showed no significant differences in short-term outcomes (up to 6 months) between different calcium silicate-based cements in primary teeth. ProRoot MTA and Biodentine showed similar clinical and radiographic success rates at 6 and 12 months. In permanent teeth, although the global results appeared to be well balanced, ProRoot MTA generally seemed to perform better than other calcium silicate-based cements except for Biodentine, which had comparable or superior results at 6 months. Meta-analyses for selected comparisons showed no significant differences in clinical and radiographic outcomes between ProRoot MTA and Biodentine over follow-up periods. The present review highlights the need for standardized definitions of success and follow-up periods in future studies to better guide clinical decisions. Despite the introduction of new calcium silicate-based cements aiming to address limitations of the original MTA. ProRoot MTA and Biodentine remain the most used and reliable materials for vital pulp therapy, although the results did not deviate that much from the other calcium silicate-based cements. Further long-term studies are required to establish the optimal CSC for each clinical scenario in both dentitions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma17174264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]],"date-time":"2024-08-28T11:54:10Z","timestamp":1724846050000},"page":"4264","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Calcium Silicate-Based Cements in Restorative Dentistry: Vital Pulp Therapy Clinical, Radiographic, and Histological Outcomes on Deciduous and Permanent Dentition\u2014A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Maria Teresa","family":"Xavier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (CIROS), Institute of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Implantologia, 1070-064 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4102-1719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Lu\u00edsa","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (CIROS), Institute of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1965-1092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Carlos","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biomechanical tests and Centre for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (CIROS), Institute of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5544-3744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Caram\u00eas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Implantologia, 1070-064 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina Dent\u00e1ria, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"LIBPhys-FCT UID\/FIS\/04559\/2013, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1966-8281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Duarte","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Implantologia, 1070-064 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina Dent\u00e1ria, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"LIBPhys-FCT UID\/FIS\/04559\/2013, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro de Estudos de Medicina Dent\u00e1ria Baseada na Evid\u00eancia (CEMDBE), 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Grupo de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Bioqu\u00edmica e Biologia Oral (GIBBO), Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancias Orais e Biom\u00e9dicas (UICOB), 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6932-2038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge N. R.","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Implantologia, 1070-064 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina Dent\u00e1ria, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"LIBPhys-FCT UID\/FIS\/04559\/2013, 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro de Estudos de Medicina Dent\u00e1ria Baseada na Evid\u00eancia (CEMDBE), 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Grupo de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Bioqu\u00edmica e Biologia Oral (GIBBO), Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancias Orais e Biom\u00e9dicas (UICOB), 1600-277 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1097\/01.don.0000145423.89539.d7","article-title":"Effect of ProRoot MTA on Pulp Cell Apoptosis and Proliferation in Vitro","volume":"31","author":"Mantellini","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. 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