{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T20:31:39Z","timestamp":1775766699580,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]],"date-time":"2025-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research Fund for Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Managemet in Hydropower Engineering, Three Gorges University","award":["2023KSD018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023KSD018"]}]},{"name":"Research Fund for Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Managemet in Hydropower Engineering, Three Gorges University","award":["443002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["443002"]}]},{"name":"Research Fund for Hubei International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Fish Passage, China Three Gorges University","award":["2023KSD018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023KSD018"]}]},{"name":"Research Fund for Hubei International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Fish Passage, China Three Gorges University","award":["443002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["443002"]}]},{"name":"111 Project of Hubei Province","award":["2023KSD018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023KSD018"]}]},{"name":"111 Project of Hubei Province","award":["443002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["443002"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The distribution of temperature-induced cracks in mass concrete structures is extensive and random, making it difficult for existing detection methods to accurately identify the specific location and initiation time of cracking. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an intelligent, precise, and efficient monitoring approach capable of acquiring real-time information on the evolution of the internal temperature field in concrete structures during their early-age curing process. A novel temperature-sensitive concrete system was developed by synchronously integrating distributed optical fibers with three-dimensional printed concrete (3DPC) to enable both temperature monitoring and signal transmission. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, experimental testing and numerical simulations were conducted on cubic 3D-printed fiber-reinforced concrete to analyze the temporal evolution of their internal temperature fields. The results show that, during the system calibration process, the temperature measured by the distributed temperature sensing (DTS) system was highly consistent with the environmental temperature curve, with fluctuations controlled within \u00b11 \u00b0C. In addition, the numerical simulation results closely aligned with the experimental data, with discrepancies maintained within 5%, demonstrating the feasibility of utilizing 3D printing technology to impart temperature sensitivity to concrete materials. This integrated approach offers a promising pathway for advancing smart concrete technology, providing an effective solution for accurate sensing and control of internal temperatures in concrete structures. It holds substantial potential for practical applications in civil engineering projects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma18091897","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]],"date-time":"2025-04-22T20:11:48Z","timestamp":1745352708000},"page":"1897","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Utilizing 3D Printing and Distributed Optic Fiber to Achieve Temperature-Sensitive Concrete"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Qiuju","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China"}]},{"given":"Yujia","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China"}]},{"given":"Yuefan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6821-5751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yangbo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3496-7944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yahui","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China"}]},{"given":"Yutao","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engstruct.2006.03.027","article-title":"Thermal and stress analysis of Kinta RCC dam","volume":"28","author":"Noorzaei","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eng. 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