{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T16:26:03Z","timestamp":1777479963473,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,18]],"date-time":"2014-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1403049600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Materials"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Liquid crystalline cellulosic-based solutions described by distinctive properties are at the origin of different kinds of multifunctional materials with unique characteristics. These solutions can form chiral nematic phases at rest, with tuneable photonic behavior, and exhibit a complex behavior associated with the onset of a network of director field defects under shear. Techniques, such as Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Rheology coupled with NMR (Rheo-NMR), rheology, optical methods, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Wide Angle X-rays Scattering (WAXS), were extensively used to enlighten the liquid crystalline characteristics of these cellulosic solutions. Cellulosic films produced by shear casting and fibers by electrospinning, from these liquid crystalline solutions, have regained wider attention due to recognition of their innovative properties associated to their biocompatibility. Electrospun membranes composed by helical and spiral shape fibers allow the achievement of large surface areas, leading to the improvement of the performance of this kind of systems. The moisture response, light modulated, wettability and the capability of orienting protein and cellulose crystals, opened a wide range of new applications to the shear casted films. Characterization by NMR, X-rays, tensile tests, AFM, and optical methods allowed detailed characterization of those soft cellulosic materials. In this work, special attention will be given to recent developments, including, among others, a moisture driven cellulosic motor and  electro-optical devices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ma7064601","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,18]],"date-time":"2014-06-18T11:40:25Z","timestamp":1403091625000},"page":"4601-4627","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["From Cellulosic Based Liquid Crystalline Sheared Solutions to 1D and 2D Soft Materials"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Maria","family":"Godinho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CENIMAT\/I3N, Departamento de Ci\u00eancia dos Materiais, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, FCT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CENIMAT\/I3N, Departamento de Ci\u00eancia dos Materiais, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, FCT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"\u00c1rea Departamental de F\u00edsica, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Lisboa, R. Conselheiro Em\u00eddio Navarro, 1, 1950-062 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Figueirinhas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de F\u00edsica, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais,  1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro de F\u00edsica da Mat\u00e9ria Condensada da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto 2,  1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1080\/15421407608083894","article-title":"Liquid crystalline structure in aqueous hydroxypropyl cellulose solutions","volume":"34","author":"Werbowyj","year":"1976","journal-title":"Mol. Cryst. Liq. 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