{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T08:30:42Z","timestamp":1776241842036,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,8]],"date-time":"2023-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PD\/BD\/143161\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PD\/BD\/143161\/2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/04708\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04708\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDP\/04708\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04708\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Base Funding","award":["PD\/BD\/143161\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PD\/BD\/143161\/2019"]}]},{"name":"Base Funding","award":["UIDB\/04708\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04708\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Base Funding","award":["UIDP\/04708\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04708\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Programmatic Funding","award":["PD\/BD\/143161\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PD\/BD\/143161\/2019"]}]},{"name":"Programmatic Funding","award":["UIDB\/04708\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04708\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Programmatic Funding","award":["UIDP\/04708\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/04708\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Machines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Railways are one of the most widely used mass transportation systems. Its superior transportation capacity, low environmental impact, high safety, and comfort have been leading to a continuous increase in passengers. To keep this trend going, it is crucial to improve the railways\u2019 attractiveness and comfort levels. A rail journey\u2019s comfort performance is rather complex, involving the analysis of multiple factors. Those raised by the vehicle motion and seat performance are the focus of vehicle designers\u2019 concerns. Therefore, only a combination of static and dynamic comfort methodologies can accurately characterize passengers\u2019 comfort. This work aimed to perform a systematic review concerning the comfort evaluation of train passengers. The bibliographic search yielded 62 studies on static and dynamic comfort evaluation methods. Results show a lack of experiments conducted on real rail environments, leading to weak conclusions regarding the real in-service conditions that train users face. Moreover, an investigation gap concerning the simultaneous application of both static and dynamic methodologies was observed. Therefore, more investigations are needed to evaluate and increase passengers\u2019 comfort and promote rail usage as a daily transportation system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/machines11040465","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,10]],"date-time":"2023-04-10T03:24:18Z","timestamp":1681097058000},"page":"465","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Railways Passengers Comfort Evaluation through Motion Parameters: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6245-7389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CONSTRUCT\u2014LESE, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8624-9904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diogo","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CONSTRUCT\u2014LESE, School of Engineering, Polytechnic of Porto, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4254-1879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joaquim","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Labiomep, INEGI, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1728-2839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eurico Augusto Rodrigues","family":"Seabra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5055-6347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Octavian","family":"Postolache","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, ISCTE-IUL Lisbon, 1649-026 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1080\/23248378.2019.1616329","article-title":"A comparison study of ride comfort indices between Sperling\u2019s method and EN 12299","volume":"7","author":"Jiang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. 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