{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T06:42:51Z","timestamp":1774420971169,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,26]],"date-time":"2018-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1532563200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study evaluates, for the first time, the seasonal (winter and summer) and geographical (S\u00e3o Miguel\u2013SMG and Santa Maria\u2013SMA Islands) variability of Fucus spiralis (Fs) biochemical composition (dry weight basis) and antioxidant properties. Protein and carbohydrates presented higher values in Fs-SMGwinter, lipids, total dietary fiber, and energy value in Fs-SMAsummer, and ash and soluble dietary fiber\/insoluble dietary fiber ratio in Fs-SMAwinter. The fatty acid (FA) profiles showed a lower SFA in Fs-SMGsummer, whereas MUFA and PUFA presented higher values in Fs-SMGsummer and Fs-SMGwinter, respectively. Excellent dietary ratios of n6\/n3 PUFA and hypocholesterolemic\/hypercholesterolemic FA were found, with lower values in Fs-SMAwinter and higher in Fs-SMGsummer, respectively. The highest total phenolics was found in Fs-SMAsummer acetone:water extract and total flavonoids showed the higher value in Fs-SMGwinter methanol extract. The best free radical-scavenging activity was observed in the Fs-SMAwinter methanol (EC50 = 0.045 mg\/mL) and acetone:water (EC50 = 0.059 mg\/mL) extracts. The ferric-reducing antioxidant power showed the best results in Fs-SMAwinter methanol extract (EC50 = 0.016 mg\/mL) and Fs-SMAsummer acetone:water extract (EC50 = 0.017 mg\/mL). The best ferrous ion-chelating activity was found in Fs-SMGwinter acetone:water extract. Overall, results revealed that F. spiralis nutritional and functional bioactivity values have geographical and seasonal variations and that its regular consumption may add benefits to human health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md16080248","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,26]],"date-time":"2018-07-26T11:32:07Z","timestamp":1532604727000},"page":"248","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Seasonal Variability of the Biochemical Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Fucus spiralis at Two Azorean Islands"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Lisete","family":"Paiva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Centre of Azores (CBA), University of Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, S\u00e3o Miguel, Azores, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6736-8729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabete","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Centre of Azores (CBA), University of Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, S\u00e3o Miguel, Azores, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Research and Technology (IITAA), University of Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, S\u00e3o Miguel, Azores, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana Isabel","family":"Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Azorean Biodiversity Group (ABG), Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Department of Biology, University of Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, S\u00e3o Miguel, Azores, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Baptista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Centre of Azores (CBA), University of Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, S\u00e3o Miguel, Azores, Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Research and Technology (IITAA), University of Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, S\u00e3o Miguel, Azores, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-2244(99)00015-1","article-title":"Seaweed proteins: Biochemical, nutritional aspects and potential uses","volume":"10","author":"Fleurence","year":"1999","journal-title":"Trends Food Sci. 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