{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T18:56:44Z","timestamp":1775069804430,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,13]],"date-time":"2019-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1568332800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BD\/119027\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/119027\/2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013239","name":"Centro de Estudos Ambientais e Marinhos, Universidade de Aveiro","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID\/AMB\/50017\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/AMB\/50017\/2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013239","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"QOPNA-LAQV","award":["FCT UID\/QUI\/ 00062\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FCT UID\/QUI\/ 00062\/2019"]}]},{"name":"Omics 4 Algae","award":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030962"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030962"]}]},{"name":"Smart Valorization of Endogenous Marine Biological Resources Under a Changing Climate","award":["Centro-01-0145-FEDER-000018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Centro-01-0145-FEDER-000018"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Palmaria palmata is an edible red macroalga widely used for human consumption and valued for its high protein value. Despite its low total lipid content, it is rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). This seaweed has been scarcely explored with regard to its lipid composition. The polar lipids of seaweeds are nowadays recognized as important phytochemicals contributing to their add value valorization and providing support for claims of potential health benefits. The present study aimed to disclose the polar lipid profile of P. palmata, farmed in an integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) through modern lipidomic approaches using high-resolution LC-MS and MS\/MS and to screen for the antioxidant properties of this red macroalga. A total of 143 molecular species of lipids were identified, belonging to several classes of polar lipids, such as glycolipids, phospholipids, and betaine lipids. It is noteworthy that the most abundant lipid species in each class were esterified with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), accounting for more than 50% of the lipid content. The polar lipid extract rich in EPA showed antioxidant activity with an inhibition concentration (IC) of IC30 = 171 \u00b1 19.8 \u00b5g\/mL for \u03b1,\u03b1-diphenyl-\u03b2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH\u25cf) and IC50 = 26.2 \u00b1 0.1 \u00b5g\/mL for 2,20-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical cation (ABTS\u25cf+). Overall, this study highlights that P. palmata farmed in an IMTA framework can be a sustainable source of beneficial lipids with antioxidant activity. Moreover, this red macroalga can be exploited for future applications as a source of lipids rich in EPA for food and feed, nutraceuticals, and cosmetics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md17090533","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,13]],"date-time":"2019-09-13T10:32:41Z","timestamp":1568370761000},"page":"533","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["A New Look for the Red Macroalga Palmaria palmata: A Seafood with Polar Lipids Rich in EPA and with Antioxidant Properties"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Diana","family":"Lopes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Espectrometria de Massa, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica &amp; QOPNA-LAQV, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica &amp; CESAM &amp; ECOMARE, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"T\u00e2nia","family":"Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Espectrometria de Massa, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica &amp; QOPNA-LAQV, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica &amp; CESAM &amp; ECOMARE, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Meneses","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Espectrometria de Massa, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica &amp; QOPNA-LAQV, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Maria H.","family":"Abreu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ALGAplus\u2014Produ\u00e7\u00e3o e Comercializa\u00e7\u00e3o de algas e seus derivados, Lda., 3830-352 \u00cdlhavo, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ALGAplus\u2014Produ\u00e7\u00e3o e Comercializa\u00e7\u00e3o de algas e seus derivados, Lda., 3830-352 \u00cdlhavo, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8060-7675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Domingues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Espectrometria de Massa, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica &amp; QOPNA-LAQV, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana I.","family":"Lilleb\u00f8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biologia &amp; CESAM &amp; ECOMARE, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1670-9335","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo","family":"Calado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biologia &amp; CESAM &amp; ECOMARE, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5357-3601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. Ros\u00e1rio","family":"Domingues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Espectrometria de Massa, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica &amp; QOPNA-LAQV, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica &amp; CESAM &amp; ECOMARE, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"McHugh, D.J. (2003). A Guide to the Seaweed Industry, FAO. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1007\/s10811-010-9529-3","article-title":"A decade of change in the seaweed hydrocolloids industry","volume":"23","author":"Bixler","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Appl. 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