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Particular interest has been devoted to the brown macroalga Bifurcaria bifurcata, due to their abundance in bioactive linear diterpenes. In this appraisal, a thorough review concerning the methodologies used in the extraction, fractionation, and identification of diterpenes from B. bifurcata is provided and discussed in detail. An exhaustive compilation of the mass spectra and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data are also provided. The in vitro and in chemico assays already performed to assess different biological activities attributed to B. bifurcata diterpenes are also reviewed, emphasizing the use of isolated components, enriched fractions, or crude extracts. The associated major strengths and challenges for the exploitation of B. bifurcata diterpenes for high-value applications are critically discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md17100556","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,30]],"date-time":"2019-09-30T05:58:33Z","timestamp":1569823113000},"page":"556","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Current Research on the Bioprospection of Linear Diterpenes from Bifurcaria bifurcata: From Extraction Methodologies to Possible Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Adriana C.S.","family":"Pais","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jorge A.","family":"Saraiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"QOPNA\/LAQV &amp; REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"S\u00edlvia M.","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"QOPNA\/LAQV &amp; REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5403-8416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Armando J.D.","family":"Silvestre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6749-7619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00f3nia A.O.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egypro.2017.09.067","article-title":"Seaweed biorefinery concept for sustainable use of marine resources","volume":"128","author":"Balina","year":"2017","journal-title":"Energy Procedia"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2016.10.046","article-title":"Offshore macroalgae biomass for bioenergy production: Environmental aspects, technological achievements and challenges","volume":"75","author":"Fernand","year":"2017","journal-title":"Renew. 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