{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T21:27:56Z","timestamp":1772659676026,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,18]],"date-time":"2020-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1579305600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PTDC\/QUI-QUI\/119116\/2010, IF\/00700\/2014, SFRH\/BI\/52130\/2013, SFRH\/BPD\/110020\/2015, PTDC\/BIA-MIC\/31645\/2017, PTDC\/BTA-GES\/32359\/2017, PTDC\/BTA-BTA\/31422\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/QUI-QUI\/119116\/2010, IF\/00700\/2014, SFRH\/BI\/52130\/2013, SFRH\/BPD\/110020\/2015, PTDC\/BIA-MIC\/31645\/2017, PTDC\/BTA-GES\/32359\/2017, PTDC\/BTA-BTA\/31422\/2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UID\/Multi\/04378\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/Multi\/04378\/2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The undesired attachment of micro and macroorganisms on water-immersed surfaces, known as marine biofouling, results in severe prevention and maintenance costs (billions \u20ac\/year) for aquaculture, shipping and other industries that rely on coastal and off-shore infrastructures. To date, there are no sustainable, cost-effective and environmentally safe solutions to address this challenging phenomenon. Therefore, we investigated the antifouling activity of napyradiomycin derivatives that were isolated from actinomycetes from ocean sediments collected off the Madeira Archipelago. Our results revealed that napyradiomycins inhibited \u226580% of the marine biofilm-forming bacteria assayed, as well as the settlement of Mytilus galloprovincialis larvae (EC50 &lt; 5 \u00b5g\/ml and LC50\/EC50 &gt;15), without viability impairment. In silico prediction of toxicity end points are of the same order of magnitude of standard approved drugs and biocides. Altogether, napyradiomycins disclosed bioactivity against marine micro and macrofouling organisms, and non-toxic effects towards the studied species, displaying potential to be used in the development of antifouling products.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md18010063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,20]],"date-time":"2020-01-20T04:27:09Z","timestamp":1579494429000},"page":"63","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Antifouling Napyradiomycins from Marine-Derived Actinomycetes Streptomyces aculeolatus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4392-4644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florbela","family":"Pereira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV, Chemistry Department, Faculty for Sciences and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9356-7265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joana R.","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIIMAR\/CIMAR\u2014Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leix\u00f5es, Avenida General Norton de Matos, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Marisa","family":"Paulino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCIBIO, Chemistry Department, Blue Biotechnology and Biomedicine Lab, Faculty for Sciences and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"In\u00eas R.","family":"Grilo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCIBIO, Life Sciences Department, MOLMICRO of Bacterial Pathogens Lab, Faculty for Sciences and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Macedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCIBIO, Chemistry Department, Blue Biotechnology and Biomedicine Lab, Faculty for Sciences and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO, Life Sciences Department, MOLMICRO of Bacterial Pathogens Lab, Faculty for Sciences and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6149-9840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIIMAR\/CIMAR\u2014Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leix\u00f5es, Avenida General Norton de Matos, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4533-7531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita G.","family":"Sobral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCIBIO, Life Sciences Department, MOLMICRO of Bacterial Pathogens Lab, Faculty for Sciences and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3585-2417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vitor","family":"Vasconcelos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIIMAR\/CIMAR\u2014Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leix\u00f5es, Avenida General Norton de Matos, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal"},{"name":"Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Porto University, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4069-007 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5510-1170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana P.","family":"Gaud\u00eancio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV, Chemistry Department, Faculty for Sciences and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO, Chemistry Department, Blue Biotechnology and Biomedicine Lab, Faculty for Sciences and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/S1369-7021(10)70058-4","article-title":"Non-toxic antifouling strategies","volume":"13","author":"Magin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mater. 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