{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:25:50Z","timestamp":1777595150012,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Novel secondary metabolites from marine macroorganisms and marine-derived microorganisms have been intensively investigated in the last few decades. Several classes of compounds, especially indole alkaloids, have been a target for evaluating biological and pharmacological activities. As one of the most promising classes of compounds, indole alkaloids possess not only intriguing structural features but also a wide range of biological\/pharmacological activities including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, and antiparasitic activities. This review reports the indole alkaloids isolated during the period of 2016\u20132021 and their relevant biological\/pharmacological activities. The marine-derived indole alkaloids reported from 2016 to 2021 were collected from various scientific databases. A total of 186 indole alkaloids from various marine organisms including fungi, bacteria, sponges, bryozoans, mangroves, and algae, are described. Despite the described bioactivities, further evaluation including their mechanisms of action and biological targets is needed to determine which of these indole alkaloids are worth studying to obtain lead compounds for the development of new drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md20010003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,22]],"date-time":"2021-12-22T01:08:09Z","timestamp":1640135289000},"page":"3","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Marine-Derived Indole Alkaloids and Their Biological and Pharmacological Activities"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3467-6263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joko Tri","family":"Wibowo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Biotechnology, Life Sciences Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0865-3420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peni","family":"Ahmadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Biotechnology, Life Sciences Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia"}]},{"given":"Siti Irma","family":"Rahmawati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Biotechnology, Life Sciences Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5693-0501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asep","family":"Bayu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Biotechnology, Life Sciences Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9879-3293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masteria Yunovilsa","family":"Putra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Biotechnology, Life Sciences Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3321-1061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anake","family":"Kijjoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICBAS-Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar and CIIMAR, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd4510","article-title":"The re-emergence of natural products for drug discovery in the genomics era","volume":"14","author":"Harvey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. 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