{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T16:11:03Z","timestamp":1776269463523,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":352,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,22]],"date-time":"2022-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000921","name":"European Cooperation in Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["16203"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16203"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000921","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aquatic invertebrates are a major source of biomaterials and bioactive natural products that can find applications as pharmaceutics, nutraceutics, cosmetics, antibiotics, antifouling products and biomaterials. Symbiotic microorganisms are often the real producers of many secondary metabolites initially isolated from marine invertebrates; however, a certain number of them are actually synthesized by the macro-organisms. In this review, we analysed the literature of the years 2010\u20132019 on natural products (bioactive molecules and biomaterials) from the main phyla of marine invertebrates explored so far, including sponges, cnidarians, molluscs, echinoderms and ascidians, and present relevant examples of natural products of interest to public and private stakeholders. We also describe omics tools that have been more relevant in identifying and understanding mechanisms and processes underlying the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in marine invertebrates. Since there is increasing attention on finding new solutions for a sustainable large-scale supply of bioactive compounds, we propose that a possible improvement in the biodiscovery pipeline might also come from the study and utilization of aquatic invertebrate stem cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md20040219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,22]],"date-time":"2022-03-22T23:30:23Z","timestamp":1647991823000},"page":"219","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":96,"title":["Biomaterials and Bioactive Natural Products from Marine Invertebrates: From Basic Research to Innovative Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4898-7153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanna","family":"Romano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0615-2318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3B\u2019s Research Group, I3B\u2019s\u2014Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark\u2014Parque de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia, Barco, 4805-017 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"ICVS\/3B\u00b4s\u2014PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6143-4203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Varela Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ITQB NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Qu\u00edmica e Biol\u00f3gica Ant\u00f3nio Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da Rep\u00fablica, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3035-9252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adele","family":"Cutignano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"CNR-Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy"}]},{"given":"Luis G","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ITQB NOVA, Instituto de Tecnologia Qu\u00edmica e Biol\u00f3gica Ant\u00f3nio Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da Rep\u00fablica, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0354-986X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Espen","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marbio, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromso, Norway"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Khnykin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Immunohistochemistry and Immunopathology (LIIPAT), Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, 0450 Oslo, Norway"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7298-290X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tali","family":"Mass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Natural Science, Department of Marine Biology, Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel"}]},{"given":"Andreja","family":"Ram\u0161ak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Biology, Marine Biology Station, Forna\u010de 41, SI-6330 Piran, Slovenia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0511-7174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel S.","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3B\u2019s Research Group, I3B\u2019s\u2014Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark\u2014Parque de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia, Barco, 4805-017 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"ICVS\/3B\u00b4s\u2014PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8520-603X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiago H.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3B\u2019s Research Group, I3B\u2019s\u2014Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark\u2014Parque de Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia, Barco, 4805-017 Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"},{"name":"ICVS\/3B\u00b4s\u2014PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4574-5802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michela","family":"Sugni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Via Celoria, 2, 20133 Milan, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3287-8550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Loriano","family":"Ballarin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58\/B, 35100 Padova, Italy"}]},{"given":"Anne-Marie","family":"Genevi\u00e8re","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biologie Int\u00e9grative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), Observatoire Oc\u00e9anologique de Banyuls-sur-Mer, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, CNRS, 1 Avenue Pierre Fabre, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2015.08.001","article-title":"Discovery and Resupply of Pharmacologically Active Plant-Derived Natural Products: A Review","volume":"33","author":"Atanasov","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Adv."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd4510","article-title":"The Re-Emergence of Natural Products for Drug Discovery in the Genomics Era","volume":"14","author":"Harvey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. 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