{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T00:41:02Z","timestamp":1775608862877,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,17]],"date-time":"2022-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671235200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>With respect to the potential natural resources in the marine environment, marine macroalgae or seaweeds are recognized to have health impacts. Two marine algae that are found in the Red Sea, Codium tomentosum (Green algae) and Actinotrichia fragilis (Red algae), were collected. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of aqueous extracts of these algae were evaluated in vitro. Polyphenols from the extracts were determined using HPLC. Fillet fish was fortified with these algal extracts in an attempt to improve its nutritional value, and sensory evaluation was performed. The antibacterial effect of C. tomentosum extract was found to be superior to that of A. fragilis extract. Total phenolic contents of C. tomentosum and A. fragilis aqueous extract were 32.28 \u00b1 1.63 mg\/g and 19.96 \u00b1 1.28 mg\/g, respectively, while total flavonoid contents were 4.54 \u00b1 1.48 mg\/g and 3.86 \u00b1 1.02 mg\/g, respectively. Extract of C. tomentosum demonstrates the highest antioxidant activity, with an IC50 value of 75.32 \u00b1 0.07 \u03bcg\/mL. The IC50 of L-ascorbic acid as a positive control was 22.71 \u00b1 0.03 \u03bcg\/mL. The IC50 values for inhibiting proliferation on normal PBMC cells were 33.7 \u00b1 1.02 \u00b5g\/mL and 51.0 \u00b1 1.14 \u00b5g\/mL for C. tomentosum and A. fragilis, respectively. The results indicated that both algal aqueous extracts were safe, with low toxicity to normal cells. Interestingly, fillet fish fortified with C. tomentosum extract demonstrated the greatest overall acceptance score. These findings highlight the potential of these seaweed species for cultivation as a sustainable and safe source of therapeutic compounds for treating human and fish diseases, as well as effective food supplements and preservatives instead of chemical ones after performing in vivo assays.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md20120785","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]],"date-time":"2022-12-19T08:41:41Z","timestamp":1671439301000},"page":"785","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Fillet Fish Fortified with Algal Extracts of Codium tomentosum and Actinotrichia fragilis, as a Potential Antibacterial and Antioxidant Food Supplement"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7223-2340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed S. M. Abd El","family":"Hafez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Cairo 11516, Egypt"},{"name":"Center of Excellence for Drug Preclinical Studies (CE-DPS), Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industries Development Center (PFIDC), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City 21934, Egypt"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8531-4719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah H.","family":"Rashedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Cairo 11516, Egypt"}]},{"given":"Neveen M.","family":"Abdelmotilib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Technology, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-CITY), New Borg El-Arab City 21934, Egypt"}]},{"given":"Hala E. Abou","family":"El-Hassayeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Cairo 11516, Egypt"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5244-221X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Cotas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Cal\u00e7ada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6819-0619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonel","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Cal\u00e7ada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8209","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-12192-7","article-title":"Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Activities of Two New Sesquiterpenoids from Red Sea Brittle Star Ophiocoma dentata","volume":"12","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. 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