{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T14:47:10Z","timestamp":1774018030924,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]],"date-time":"2024-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sargassum muticum (SM) poses a serious environmental issue since it is a fast-expanding invasive species occupying key areas of the European shoreline, disrupting the autochthonous algae species, and disturbing the ecosystem. This problem has concerned the general population and the scientific community. Nevertheless, as macroalgae are recognized as a source of bioactive molecules, the abundance of SM presents an opportunity as a raw material. In this work, response surface methodology (RSM) was applied as a tool for the optimization of the extraction of bioactive compounds from SM by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). Five different parameters were used as target functions: yield, total phenolic content (TPC); and the antioxidant measurements of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity (DPPH), 2,2\u2032-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), and \u03b2-carotene bleaching (BC). After the optimal extraction conditions were determined (time = 14.00 min; pressure = 11.03 bar; ethanol = 33.31%), the chemical composition and bioactivity of the optimum extract was evaluated to appraise its antioxidant capability to scavenge reactive species and as a potential antibacterial, antidiabetic, antiproliferation, and neuroprotective agent. The results lead to the conclusion that MAE crude extract has bioactive properties, being especially active as an antiproliferation agent and as a nitric oxide and superoxide radical scavenger.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md22080352","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]],"date-time":"2024-07-30T08:51:42Z","timestamp":1722329502000},"page":"352","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Exploring the Potential of Invasive Species Sargassum muticum: Microwave-Assisted Extraction Optimization and Bioactivity Profiling"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8066-360X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aurora","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Agroecolox\u00eda e Alimentaci\u00f3n (IAA)\u2014CITEXVI, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain"},{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, Rua Dr Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6597-9334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucia","family":"Cassani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Agroecolox\u00eda e Alimentaci\u00f3n (IAA)\u2014CITEXVI, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4819-7856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Carpena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Agroecolox\u00eda e Alimentaci\u00f3n (IAA)\u2014CITEXVI, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9307-9867","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catarina","family":"Louren\u00e7o-Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Agroecolox\u00eda e Alimentaci\u00f3n (IAA)\u2014CITEXVI, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain"}]},{"given":"Clara","family":"Grosso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, Rua Dr Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2930-2531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franklin","family":"Chamorro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Agroecolox\u00eda e Alimentaci\u00f3n (IAA)\u2014CITEXVI, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1798-6235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pascual","family":"Garc\u00eda-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Agroecolox\u00eda e Alimentaci\u00f3n (IAA)\u2014CITEXVI, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain"},{"name":"Department for Sustainable Food Process, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5967-4200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, CBQF\u2014Centro de Biotecnologia e Qu\u00edmica Fina\u2014Laborat\u00f3rio Associado, Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3472-849X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina F.","family":"Domingues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, Rua Dr Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"M. F\u00e1tima","family":"Barroso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REQUIMTE\/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico do Porto, Rua Dr Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9215-9737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jesus","family":"Simal-Gandara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Agroecolox\u00eda e Alimentaci\u00f3n (IAA)\u2014CITEXVI, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3513-0054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel A.","family":"Prieto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Agroecolox\u00eda e Alimentaci\u00f3n (IAA)\u2014CITEXVI, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2705","DOI":"10.1007\/s00227-011-1768-6","article-title":"Effects of Detrital Non-Native and Native Macroalgae on the Nitrogen and Carbon Cycling in Intertidal Sediments","volume":"158","author":"Rossi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mar. 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