{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T17:19:23Z","timestamp":1770052763310,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739404800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia\u2014Fundo para o Desenvolvimento das Ci\u00eancias e da Tecnologia (FCT-FDCT)","award":["MACAU\/0003\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MACAU\/0003\/2019"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia\u2014Fundo para o Desenvolvimento das Ci\u00eancias e da Tecnologia (FCT-FDCT)","award":["0005\/2019\/APJ"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0005\/2019\/APJ"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia\u2014Fundo para o Desenvolvimento das Ci\u00eancias e da Tecnologia (FCT-FDCT)","award":["UID\/04292\/MARE-Centro de Ci\u00eancias do Mar e do Ambiente"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/04292\/MARE-Centro de Ci\u00eancias do Mar e do Ambiente"]}]},{"name":"FDCT (Macao) project","award":["MACAU\/0003\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MACAU\/0003\/2019"]}]},{"name":"FDCT (Macao) project","award":["0005\/2019\/APJ"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0005\/2019\/APJ"]}]},{"name":"FDCT (Macao) project","award":["UID\/04292\/MARE-Centro de Ci\u00eancias do Mar e do Ambiente"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/04292\/MARE-Centro de Ci\u00eancias do Mar e do Ambiente"]}]},{"name":"FCT (Portugal) fund","award":["MACAU\/0003\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MACAU\/0003\/2019"]}]},{"name":"FCT (Portugal) fund","award":["0005\/2019\/APJ"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0005\/2019\/APJ"]}]},{"name":"FCT (Portugal) fund","award":["UID\/04292\/MARE-Centro de Ci\u00eancias do Mar e do Ambiente"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/04292\/MARE-Centro de Ci\u00eancias do Mar e do Ambiente"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fish body mucus plays a protective role, especially in Halobatrachus didactylus, which inhabits intertidal zones vulnerable to anthropogenic contaminants. In silico predicted bioactive peptides were identified in its body mucus, namely, EDNSELGQETPTLR (HdKTLR), DPPNPKNL (HdKNL), PAPPPPPP (HdPPP), VYPFPGPLPN (HdVLPN), and PFPGPLPN (HdLPN). These peptides were studied in vitro for bioactivities and aggregation behavior under different ionic strengths and pH values. Size exclusion chromatography revealed significant peptide aggregation at 344 mM and 700 mM ionic strengths at pH 7.0, decreasing at pH 3.0 and pH 5.0. Although none exhibited antimicrobial properties, they inhibited Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation. Notably, HdVLPN demonstrated potential antioxidant activity (ORAC: 1.560 \u03bcmol TE\/\u03bcmol of peptide; ABTS: 1.755 \u03bcmol TE\/\u03bcmol of peptide) as well as HdLPN (ORAC: 0.195 \u03bcmol TE\/\u03bcmol of peptide; ABTS: 0.128 \u03bcmol TE\/\u03bcmol of peptide). Antioxidant activity decreased at pH 5.0 and pH 3.0. Interactions between the peptides and mucus synergistically enhanced antioxidant effects. HdVLPN and HdLPN were non-toxic to Caco-2 and HaCaT cells at 100 \u03bcg of peptide\/mL. HdPPP showed potential antihypertensive and antidiabetic effects, with IC50 values of 557 \u03bcg of peptide\/mL for ACE inhibition and 1700 \u03bcg of peptide\/mL for \u03b1-glucosidase inhibition. This study highlights the importance of validating peptide bioactivities in vitro, considering their native environment (mucus), and bioprospecting novel bioactive molecules while promoting species conservation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md23020082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T09:05:42Z","timestamp":1739437542000},"page":"82","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Bioprospecting Bioactive Peptides in Halobatrachus didactylus Body Mucus: From In Silico Insights to Essential In Vitro Validation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Marta","family":"Fernandez Cunha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CBQF\u2014Centro de Biotecnologia e Qu\u00edmica Fina\u2014Laborat\u00f3rio Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4496-2001","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ezequiel R.","family":"Coscueta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBQF\u2014Centro de Biotecnologia e Qu\u00edmica Fina\u2014Laborat\u00f3rio Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9027-4643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Emilia","family":"Brassesco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBQF\u2014Centro de Biotecnologia e Qu\u00edmica Fina\u2014Laborat\u00f3rio Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1389-8951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frederico","family":"Almada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE\u2014Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Ci\u00eancias Psicol\u00f3gicas, Sociais e da Vida, Rua Jardim do Tabaco, 34, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Science and Environment, University of Saint Joseph, Rua de Londres 106, Macau SAR, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0760-3184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Manuela","family":"Pintado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBQF\u2014Centro de Biotecnologia e Qu\u00edmica Fina\u2014Laborat\u00f3rio Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Cat\u00f3lica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Kuete, V.B.T. 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