{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T20:20:01Z","timestamp":1777494001482,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":222,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,15]],"date-time":"2025-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741996800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["2022.13209.BDANA.PhD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022.13209.BDANA.PhD"]}]},{"name":"Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["https:\/\/doi.org\/10.54499\/UIDB\/04326\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["https:\/\/doi.org\/10.54499\/UIDB\/04326\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["https:\/\/doi.org\/10.54499\/UIDP\/04326\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["https:\/\/doi.org\/10.54499\/UIDP\/04326\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["https:\/\/doi.org\/10.54499\/LA\/P\/0101\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["https:\/\/doi.org\/10.54499\/LA\/P\/0101\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","award":["C644915664-00000026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C644915664-00000026"]}]},{"name":"Next Generation EU European Fund","award":["2022.13209.BDANA.PhD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022.13209.BDANA.PhD"]}]},{"name":"Next Generation EU European Fund","award":["https:\/\/doi.org\/10.54499\/UIDB\/04326\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["https:\/\/doi.org\/10.54499\/UIDB\/04326\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Next Generation EU European Fund","award":["https:\/\/doi.org\/10.54499\/UIDP\/04326\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["https:\/\/doi.org\/10.54499\/UIDP\/04326\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Next Generation EU European Fund","award":["https:\/\/doi.org\/10.54499\/LA\/P\/0101\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["https:\/\/doi.org\/10.54499\/LA\/P\/0101\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Next Generation EU European Fund","award":["C644915664-00000026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C644915664-00000026"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The genus Nannochloropsis comprises a group of oleaginous microalgae that accumulate polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). These molecules are essential for the correct development and health of humans and animals. Thanks to their attractive lipid profile, Nannochloropsis is mainly marketed as a feed ingredient in aquaculture. In microalgae of this genus, contents and cellular location of PUFAs are affected by the growth conditions and gene expression. Strain improvement through non-recombinant approaches can generate more productive strains and efficient bioprocesses for PUFA production. Nevertheless, the lack of specific markers, detection methods, and selective pressure for isolating such mutants remains a bottleneck in classical mutagenesis approaches or lipid quality assessment during cultivation. This review encompasses the importance of PUFAs and lipid classes from Nannochloropsis species and their potential applications. Additionally, a revision of the different ways to increase PUFA content in Nannochloropsis sp. by using classical mutagenesis and adaptive laboratory evolution is also presented, as well as various methods to label and quantify lipids and PUFAs from Nannochloropsis microalgae.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md23030128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]],"date-time":"2025-03-17T04:29:28Z","timestamp":1742185768000},"page":"128","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Nannochloropsis Lipids and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Potential Applications and Strain Improvement"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9380-4945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia","family":"Navalho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"GreenCoLab\u2014Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Oceano Verde, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"},{"name":"Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"CCMAR\u2014Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4513-7580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Narcis","family":"Ferrer-Ledo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Maria J.","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3101-693X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Varela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GreenCoLab\u2014Associa\u00e7\u00e3o Oceano Verde, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"},{"name":"CCMAR\u2014Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2022). World Population Prospects 2022: Summary of Results, United Nations. UN DESA\/POP\/2022\/TR\/NO. 3."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2012.09.012","article-title":"Food Commodities from Microalgae","volume":"24","author":"Draaisma","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. 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