{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T20:29:42Z","timestamp":1775161782420,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,25]],"date-time":"2025-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742860800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Interreg project AQUAFISH0.0","award":["EAPA_0062\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EAPA_0062\/2022"]}]},{"name":"Interreg project AQUAFISH0.0","award":["IPMA-2023-041-BIPD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IPMA-2023-041-BIPD"]}]},{"name":"Interreg project AQUAFISH0.0","award":["EAPA_0062\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EAPA_0062\/2022"]}]},{"name":"AQUAFISH0.0 Post-Doctoral Grant","award":["EAPA_0062\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EAPA_0062\/2022"]}]},{"name":"AQUAFISH0.0 Post-Doctoral Grant","award":["IPMA-2023-041-BIPD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IPMA-2023-041-BIPD"]}]},{"name":"AQUAFISH0.0 Post-Doctoral Grant","award":["EAPA_0062\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EAPA_0062\/2022"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The brown seaweed Rugulopteryx okamurae is a major invasive species in Europe, menacing local ecosystems. The challenge lies in assessing application routes for this biomass, testing different extraction technologies (overnight agitation, mechanical homogenization, pH-shift, ionic liquid-, and ultrasound-assisted extractions) and parameters. There was a higher yield in the extracts homogenized with 70% ethanol, especially with 1:20, w\/v, biomass\u2013solvent ratio, than in aqueous extracts. As to overnight agitation, 70% ethanol produced results (24.5\u201328.3%) similar to those found in the homogenized extracts. However, in the former, the best biomass\u2013solvent proportion was 1:10, w\/v. Mineral matter yield presented specific patterns, reaching 59.6 \u00b1 1.1% (70% ethanol) and 82.3 \u00b1 0.1% (water). The highest total polyphenol level was attained in the 70% ethanol, 1:20, w\/v, extract, 310.7 \u00b1 22.1 mg GAE\/100 g dw seaweed. This extract had a higher FRAP\/ABTS. The extract attained with overnight agitation, 70% ethanol, 1:10, w\/v, had 48% COX-2 inhibition as anti-inflammatory activity. Besides showing the potential of R. okamurae for pharmacological purposes, especially in the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory area, this study enabled us to rank technologies and conditions for the utilization of this abundant biomass resource by the industry.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md23040141","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,25]],"date-time":"2025-03-25T05:35:03Z","timestamp":1742880903000},"page":"141","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Overcoming Extraction Hurdles and Assessing Biological Activity in a Major Invasive Seaweed Species in Europe, Rugulopteryx okamurae"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Carolina","family":"Paulo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Avenida Alfredo Magalh\u00e3es Ramalho, 6, 1495-006 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Polytechnic Institute of Set\u00fabal, Rua Am\u00e9rico da Silva Marinho, s\/n, 2839-001 Lavradio, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1832-3505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joana","family":"Matos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Avenida Alfredo Magalh\u00e3es Ramalho, 6, 1495-006 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5717-818X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Afonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Avenida Alfredo Magalh\u00e3es Ramalho, 6, 1495-006 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7273-0676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Avenida Alfredo Magalh\u00e3es Ramalho, 6, 1495-006 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Algaebase (2018, September 19). 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