{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T09:37:28Z","timestamp":1768037848089,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,17]],"date-time":"2007-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1176768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The pyridoacridine alkaloids kuanoniamines A and C were isolated together with 24\u03b1-methylcholestanol, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, phenylacetic acid and 3-formylindole from the ethyl acetate extract of the marine sponge Oceanapia sagittaria (Sollas), collected from the Gulf of Thailand. Kuanoniamines A and C were evaluated for their effect on the growth of five human tumour and a non-tumour cell lines, as well as on the proliferation of human lymphocytes. Kuanoniamine A was found to be a potent growth inhibitor of all the tumour and a non-tumour cell lines while kuanoniamine C was less potent but showed high selectivity toward the estrogen dependent (ER+) breast cancer cell line. Kuanoniamine A has shown to be a more potent inhibitor of DNA synthesis than kuanoniamine C. Kuanoniamine A was also found to cause an extensive reduction of the MCF-7 cells in G2\/M phase as well as an increase in the apoptotic cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md502006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,25]],"date-time":"2008-10-25T13:03:57Z","timestamp":1224939837000},"page":"6-22","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Anticancer Activity Evaluation of Kuanoniamines A and C Isolated from the Marine Sponge Oceanapia sagittaria, Collected from the Gulf of Thailand"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3321-1061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anake","family":"Kijjoa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ICBAS-Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4099-003 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rawiwan","family":"Wattanadilok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Interdisciplinar de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Werner","family":"Herz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA"}]},{"given":"Nair","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Interdisciplinar de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Maria S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9","family":"Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Estudos de Qu\u00edmica Org\u00e2nica, Fitoqu\u00edmica e Farmacologia da Universidade do Porto (CEQOFFUP), Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Rua An\u00edbal Cunha 164, 4050-047 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Madalena","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Estudos de Qu\u00edmica Org\u00e2nica, Fitoqu\u00edmica e Farmacologia da Universidade do Porto (CEQOFFUP), Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Rua An\u00edbal Cunha 164, 4050-047 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"61","article-title":"Oceanapia sagittaria from the Gulf of Thailand","volume":"33","author":"Hooper","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mem Qd Mus"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.1021\/np990190v","article-title":"Oceanapiside, an antifungal bis- \u03b1,\u03d6-aminoacid alcohol glycoside from the marine sponge Oceanapia phillipensis","volume":"62","author":"Nicholas","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Nat Prod"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2897","DOI":"10.1021\/ol050796c","article-title":"Oceanalin A, a hybrid \u03b1,\u03d6-bifunctionalized sphingoid tetrahydroisoquinoline \u03b2-glycoside from the marine sponge Oceanapia sp","volume":"7","author":"Makarieva","year":"2005","journal-title":"Org Lett"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7765","DOI":"10.1021\/jo0106750","article-title":"The isolation and synthesis of novel nematocidal dithiocyanates from an Australian marine sponge, Oceanapia sp","volume":"66","author":"Capon","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Org Chem"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1021\/np049977y","article-title":"Nematocidal thiocyanatins from a Southern Australian marine sponge Oceanapia sp","volume":"67","author":"Capon","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Nat Prod"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1021\/np990577y","article-title":"An antimicrobial C14 acetylenic acid from a marine sponge Oceanapia species","volume":"63","author":"Matsugana","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Nat Prod"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1021\/np50116a027","article-title":"Oceanapamine, a sesquiterpene alkaloid from the Phillipine sponge Oceanapia sp","volume":"58","author":"Boyd","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Nat Prod"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1039\/b313348f","article-title":"New 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrimidinium alkaloids (phloeodictynes) from the New Caledonian shallow-water haplosclerid sponge Oceanapia fistulosa. 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