{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T12:43:27Z","timestamp":1775738607816,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,20]],"date-time":"2011-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1303257600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Marine Drugs"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Marine microalgae constitute a natural source of a variety of drugs for pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic applications\u2014which encompass carotenoids, among others. A growing body of experimental evidence has confirmed that these compounds can play important roles in prevention (and even treatment) of human diseases and health conditions, e.g., cancer, cardiovascular problems, atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, muscular dystrophy, cataracts and some neurological disorders. The underlying features that may account for such favorable biological activities are their intrinsic antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antitumoral features. In this invited review, the most important issues regarding synthesis of carotenoids by microalgae are described and discussed\u2014from both physiological and processing points of view. Current gaps of knowledge, as well as technological opportunities in the near future relating to this growing field of interest, are also put forward in a critical manner.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/md9040625","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,21]],"date-time":"2011-04-21T10:43:59Z","timestamp":1303382639000},"page":"625-644","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":535,"title":["Microalgae as Sources of Carotenoids"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Ana Catarina","family":"Guedes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CIMAR\/CIIMAR\u2014Centro Interdisciplinar de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas 177, P-4050-123 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Helena M.","family":"Amaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIMAR\/CIIMAR\u2014Centro Interdisciplinar de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas 177, P-4050-123 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Francisco Xavier","family":"Malcata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISMAI\u2014Instituto Superior da Maia, Avenida Carlos Oliveira Campos, P-4475-690 Avioso S. Pedro, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Tecnologia Qu\u00edmica e Biol\u00f3gica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida da Rep\u00fablica, P-2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1993.tb05866.x","article-title":"Adaptation of cyanobacteria to environmental stimuli: new steps towards molecular mechanisms","volume":"104","author":"Houmard","year":"1993","journal-title":"FEMS Microb Rev"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-004-1647-x","article-title":"Valuable products from biotechnology of microalgae","volume":"65","author":"Pulz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Appl Microb Biotechnol"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Richmond, A (2004). 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