{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T12:07:24Z","timestamp":1775218044928,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,2]],"date-time":"2022-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648857600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"A4F-Algafuel (Portugal)","award":["PD\/BDE\/142836\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PD\/BDE\/142836\/2018"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PhD Fellow grant PD\/BDE\/142836\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PhD Fellow grant PD\/BDE\/142836\/2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/50006\/2020 and UIDP\/50006\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50006\/2020 and UIDP\/50006\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"H2020-BBI-JTI-2019 \u201cMultiStr3am\u201d project","award":["Grant Agreement number: 887227"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant Agreement number: 887227"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Membranes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This work proposes a way to maximize the potential of a Nannochloropsis sp. biorefinery process, through membrane technology, producing an extract enriched in soluble proteins, free from the insoluble protein fraction, with a low lipid content and eliminating the colored chlorophyll-a. This procedure, following the principles of a circular economy approach, allows for the valorization of a stream from the biorefining of Nannochloropsis sp. that, otherwise, would be considered a residue without commercial value. The process proposed minimizes fouling phenomena at the membrane surface, making it possible to achieve high permeate fluxes, thus reducing the need for membrane cleaning and, therefore, contributing to an extended membrane lifetime. Supernatant obtained after centrifugation of a suspension of ruptured Nannochloropsis sp. cells was processed by ultrafiltration using a membrane with a cut-off of 100 kDa MWCO. Two different operating approaches were evaluated\u2014controlled transmembrane pressure and controlled permeate flux\u2014under concentration and diafiltration modes. Ultrafiltration operated in a diafiltration mode, under controlled permeate flux conditions, led to the highest soluble protein recovery (78%) with the highest constant permeate flux (12 L\u00b7m\u22122\u00b7h\u22121) and low membrane fouling.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/membranes12040401","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,3]],"date-time":"2022-04-03T02:59:52Z","timestamp":1648954792000},"page":"401","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Nannochloropsis sp. Biorefinery: Recovery of Soluble Protein by Membrane Ultrafiltration\/Diafiltration"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV\/Requimte, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, FCT NOVA, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"},{"name":"A4F\u2014Algae for Future, Campus do Lumiar, Estrada do Pa\u00e7o do Lumiar, Edif. E, R\/C, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Edgar T.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"A4F\u2014Algae for Future, Campus do Lumiar, Estrada do Pa\u00e7o do Lumiar, Edif. E, R\/C, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0230-7447","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"A4F\u2014Algae for Future, Campus do Lumiar, Estrada do Pa\u00e7o do Lumiar, Edif. E, R\/C, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7784-0265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla","family":"Brazinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV\/Requimte, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, FCT NOVA, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Saraiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIEPQPF, Chemical Engineering Department, FCT, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Dean of NOVA IMS, NOVA University of Lisbon, 1070-312 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o G.","family":"Crespo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAQV\/Requimte, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, FCT NOVA, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1656","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.3999","article-title":"Incorporation of Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina maxima biomass in pasta products. 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