{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T02:58:09Z","timestamp":1775789889567,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,23]],"date-time":"2020-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1579737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Metals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Turning continues to be the largest segment of the machining industry, which highlights the continued demand for turned parts and the overall improvement of the process. The turning process has seen quite an evolution, from basic lathes using solid tools, to complex CNC (Computer Numerical Control) multi-process machines, using, for the most part, coated inserts and coated tools. These coatings have proven to be a significant step in the production of high-quality parts and a higher tool life that have captivated the industry. Continuous improvement to turning coated tools has been made, with many researches focusing on the optimization of turning processes that use coated tools. In the present paper, a presentation of various recently published papers on this subject is going to be made, mentioning the various types of coatings that have recently been used in the turning process, the turning of hard to machine materials, such as titanium alloys and Inconel, as well as the interaction of these coatings with the turned surfaces, the wear patterns that these coatings suffer during the turning of materials and relating these wear mechanisms to the coated tool\u2019s life expectancy. Some lubrication conditions present a more sustainable alternative to current methods used in the turning process; the employment of coated tool inserts under these conditions is a current popular research topic, as there is a focus on opting for more eco-friendly machining options.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/met10020170","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,23]],"date-time":"2020-01-23T10:36:02Z","timestamp":1579775762000},"page":"170","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Recent Advances in Turning Processes Using Coated Tools\u2014A Comprehensive Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Vitor F. C.","family":"Sousa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ISEP\u2014School of Engineering, Polytechnic of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8570-4362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco J. G.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISEP\u2014School of Engineering, Polytechnic of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2019, October 25). CNC Machining Projected to be $100B Industry by 2025. Available online: https:\/\/www.thomasnet.com\/insights\/cnc-machining-projected-to-be-100b-industry-by-2025\/."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"(2019, October 28). Global Milling Machines Market 2017\u20132021. Available online: https:\/\/www.maschinenmarkt.international\/global-milling-machines-market-2017-2021-a-586045\/."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"(2019, October 28). Milling Machines Market\u2014Trends and Forecasts by Technavio Business Wire. Available online: https:\/\/www.businesswire.com\/news\/home\/20170201005667\/en\/Milling-Machines-Market-%E2%80%93-Trends-Forecasts-Technavio."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"(2019, October 25). CNC Machining Industry Trends 2019-3ERP. Available online: https:\/\/www.3erp.com\/blog\/cnc-machining-industry-trends-2019\/."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"(2019, October 28). Lathe Machines Market Size, Key Drivers and Winning Strategies. Available online: https:\/\/www.alliedmarketresearch.com\/lathe-machines-market."},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"(2019, October 31). General Turning. Available online: https:\/\/www.sandvik.coromant.com\/en-gb\/knowledge\/general-turning\/pages\/default.aspx."},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"Childs, T., and Maekawa, K. (2000). Metal. Machining, Arnold."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proeng.2014.12.261","article-title":"Performance of coated and uncoated inserts during intermittent cut milling of AISI 1030 steel","volume":"97","author":"Lakshmanan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Procedia Eng."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"3","article-title":"Cutting characteristics of PVD and CVD-coated ceramic tool inserts","volume":"28","author":"Sokovic","year":"2006","journal-title":"Tribol. Ind."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2017.10.187","article-title":"Design and fabrication of gradient cermet composite cutting tool, and its cutting performance","volume":"732","author":"Ji","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Alloys Compd."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2016.09.078","article-title":"Microstructure and mechanical properties of self-diffusion gradient cermet composite tool materials with different characteristics of surface layer","volume":"42","author":"Ji","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105024","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrmhm.2019.105024","article-title":"Effect of ultrafine gradient cemented carbides substrate on the performance of coating tools for titanium alloy high speed cutting","volume":"84","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Refract. Metals Hard Mater."},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"(2019, November 10). Chemical Vapor Deposition vs. Physical Vapor Deposition. Available online: https:\/\/documents.indium.com\/qdynamo\/download.php?docid=1958."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Caliskan, H., Panjan, P., and Kurbanoglu, C. (2017). 3.16 Hard coatings on cutting tools and surface finish. Compr. Mater. Finish., 230\u2013242.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-803581-8.09178-5"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1016\/j.promfg.2018.10.125","article-title":"On the physical vapour deposition (PVD): evolution of magnetron sputtering processes for industrial applications","volume":"17","author":"Baptista","year":"2018","journal-title":"Procedia Manuf."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baptista, A., Silva, F., Porteiro, J., M\u00edguez, J., and Pinto, G. (2018). Sputtering physical vapour deposition (PVD) coatings: A critical review on process improvement and market trend demands. Coatings, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/coatings8110402"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"050601","DOI":"10.1116\/1.4982649","article-title":"Controlling the boron-to-titanium ratio in magnetron-sputter-deposited TiBx thin films","volume":"35","author":"Petrov","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A Vac. Surf. Films"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124941","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surfcoat.2019.124941","article-title":"Mechanical and tribological properties of nanostructured TiAlN\/TaN coatings deposited by DC magnetron sputtering","volume":"378","year":"2019","journal-title":"Surf. Coat. Technol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125007","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surfcoat.2019.125007","article-title":"Reactive HiPIMS deposition of Ti-Al-N: Influence of the deposition parameters on the cubic to hexagonal phase transition","volume":"382","author":"Zauner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Surf. Coat. Technol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"015103","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5085713","article-title":"Process development for stabilization of vacuum arc plasma generation from a TiB2 cathode","volume":"9","author":"Zhirkov","year":"2019","journal-title":"AIP Adv."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tsf.2019.137409","article-title":"Six strategies to produce application tailored nanoscale multilayer structured PVD coatings by conventional and high power impulse magnetron Sputtering (HIPIMS)","volume":"688","author":"Hovsepian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Thin Solid Films"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16934","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2019.05.240","article-title":"Preparation and characterization of multilayer coatings on tool steel","volume":"45","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diamond.2003.10.081","article-title":"A new interlayer approach for CVD diamond coating of steel substrates","volume":"13","author":"Silva","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diam. Relat. Mater."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1648(03)00145-5","article-title":"Tribological behaviour of CVD diamond films on steel substrates","volume":"255","author":"Silva","year":"2003","journal-title":"Wear"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9094","DOI":"10.1166\/jnn.2012.6760","article-title":"Wear resistance of TiAlSiN thin coatings","volume":"12","author":"Silva","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/S0257-8972(99)00292-3","article-title":"A novel pulsed magnetron sputter technique utilizing very high target power densities","volume":"122","author":"Kouznetsov","year":"1999","journal-title":"Surf. Coat. Technol."},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"(2019, October 30). Cutting Tool Materials. Available online: https:\/\/www.sandvik.coromant.com\/en-gb\/knowledge\/materials\/pages\/cutting-tool-materials.aspx."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proeng.2013.08.241","article-title":"Behaviour of PVD coatings in the turning of austenitic stainless steels","volume":"63","author":"Barreiro","year":"2013","journal-title":"Procedia Eng."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/S0007-8506(07)63231-4","article-title":"Coated tools for metal cutting\u2014features and applications","volume":"48","author":"Klocke","year":"1999","journal-title":"CIRP Ann."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surfcoat.2018.05.025","article-title":"Mechanical properties and oxidation resistance of Al-Cr-N\/Ti-Al-Ta-N multilayer coatings","volume":"347","author":"Seidl","year":"2018","journal-title":"Surf. Coat. Technol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/0257-8972(92)90169-B","article-title":"Multicomponent and multilayer physically vapour deposited coatings for cutting tools","volume":"54\u201355","author":"Knotek","year":"1992","journal-title":"Surf. Coat. Technol."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surfcoat.2019.04.086","article-title":"Microstructure and mechanical properties of CVD TiN\/TiBN multilayer coatings","volume":"370","author":"Kainz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Surf. Coat. Technol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9889","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2014.02.083","article-title":"Microstructure of TiAlN and CrAlN coatings and cutting performance of coated silicon nitride inserts in cast iron turning","volume":"40","author":"Long","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2018.09.192","article-title":"Effects of Ni content on microstructure, mechanical properties and Inconel 718 cutting performance of AlTiN-Ni nanocomposite coatings","volume":"45","author":"Yi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tiwari, A., and Natarajan, S. (2017). Nanoindentation on tribological coatings. Applied Nanoindentation in Advanced Materials, John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119084501"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surfcoat.2019.125150","article-title":"Microstructure and properties of TiB2\/Cr multilayered coatings with double periodical structures","volume":"382","author":"Dai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Surf. Coat. Technol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109064","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vacuum.2019.109064","article-title":"Micro-nano multilayer structure design and solid particle erosion resistance performance of CrAlNx\/CrAlN coating","volume":"172","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vacuum"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2019.10.259","article-title":"An integrative approach to coating\/carbide substrate design of CVD and PVD coated cutting tools during the machining of austenitic stainless steel","volume":"46","author":"He","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mia, M., Kr\u00f3lczyk, G., Maruda, R., and Wojciechowski, S. (2019). Intelligent optimization of hard-turning parameters using evolutionary algorithms for smart manufacturing. Materials, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/ma12060879"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Radha Krishnan, B., and Ramesh, M. (2019). Optimization of machining process parameters in CNC turning process of IS2062 E250 steel using coated carbide cutting tool. Mater. Today Proc.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2019.05.460"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2018.06.571","article-title":"Multi-objective optimization of cutting parameters in CNC turning of stainless steel 304 with TiAlN nano coated tool","volume":"5","author":"Rao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mater. Today Proc."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmapro.2017.12.021","article-title":"Influence of cutting speed and cooling method on the machinability of commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) grade II","volume":"31","author":"Khan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Manuf. Process."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2018.02.094","article-title":"Statistical investigation of tool geometry for minimization of cutting force in turning of hardened steel","volume":"5","author":"Harisha","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mater. Today Proc."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9187","DOI":"10.1166\/jnn.2012.6759","article-title":"Mechanical and tribological characterization of TiB2 thin films","volume":"12","author":"Silva","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5374","DOI":"10.1166\/jnn.2011.3772","article-title":"TiB2 nanostructured coating for GFRP injection moulds","volume":"11","author":"Martinho","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2018.02.092","article-title":"Cutting characteristics of PVD coated cutting tools","volume":"5","author":"Gupta","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mater. Today Proc."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2016.02.023","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of machinability characteristics of Nimonic C-263 using CVD and PVD coated tools","volume":"85","author":"Koyilada","year":"2016","journal-title":"Measurement"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2018.07.072","article-title":"The characteristics of CVD- and PVD-coated carbide tools in hard turning of AISI 4340","volume":"129","author":"Ginting","year":"2018","journal-title":"Measurement"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sna.2018.06.041","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of performances of TiAlN, AlCrN, TiAlN\/AlCrN coated carbide cutting tools and uncoated carbide cutting tools on turning Inconel 825 alloy using grey relational analysis","volume":"279","author":"Ramanujam","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators A Phys."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surfcoat.2015.10.071","article-title":"Comparison of TiN-coated tools using CVD and PVD processes during continuous cutting of Ni-based superalloys","volume":"283","author":"Koseki","year":"2015","journal-title":"Surf. Coat. Technol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surfcoat.2017.11.061","article-title":"Characterization and machining performance of laser-textured chevron shaped tools coated with AlTiN and AlCrN coatings","volume":"334","author":"Mishra","year":"2018","journal-title":"Surf. Coat. Technol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrmhm.2016.09.003","article-title":"Microstructure and properties of CVD coated on gradient cemented carbide with different WC grain size","volume":"61","author":"Tang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Refract. Metals Hard Mater."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2019.02.017","article-title":"Ecological trends in machining as a key factor in sustainable production\u2014A review","volume":"218","author":"Krolczyk","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2016.04.074","article-title":"Dry machining of nickel-based super alloy as a sustainable alternative using TiN\/TiAlN coated tool","volume":"129","author":"Thakur","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1063\/1.339770","article-title":"Growth of single-crystal TiN\/VN strained-layer superlattices with extremely high mechanical hardness","volume":"62","author":"Helmersson","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procir.2018.08.236","article-title":"Effect produced by thickness of nanolayers of multilayer composite wear-resistant coating on tool life of metal-cutting tool in turning of steel AISI 321","volume":"77","author":"Vereschaka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Procedia CIRP"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrmhm.2019.02.006","article-title":"Thermal crack network on CVD TiCN\/\u03b1-Al2O3 coated cemented carbide cutting tools","volume":"81","author":"Gassner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Refract. Metals Hard Mater."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmachtools.2005.09.007","article-title":"Effect of the lubrication-cooling technique, insert technology and machine bed material on the workpart surface finish and tool wear in finish turning of AISI 420B","volume":"46","author":"Bruni","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3887","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-017-0035-5","article-title":"The study on minimum uncut chip thickness and cutting forces during laser-assisted turning of WC\/NiCr clad layers","volume":"91","author":"Przestacki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1080\/10426914.2014.880460","article-title":"Influence of tool materials on machinability of titanium- and nickel-based alloys: A review","volume":"29","author":"Pervaiz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mater. Manuf. Process."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2017.12.004","article-title":"Comparative study of wear patterns of both coated and uncoated tool inserts in high speed turning of EN36 steel","volume":"5","author":"Srilatha","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mater. Today Proc."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wear.2016.12.003","article-title":"Influence of CVD and PVD coating micro topography on the initial material transfer of 316L stainless steel in sliding contacts\u2014A laboratory study","volume":"388\u2013389","author":"Saketi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Wear"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrmhm.2019.04.008","article-title":"Effect of shot peening on residual stresses and crack closure in CVD coated hard metal cutting inserts","volume":"82","author":"Faksa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Refract. Metals Hard Mater."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cirpj.2016.11.003","article-title":"Effect of PVD film\u2019s residual stresses on their mechanical properties, brittleness, adhesion and cutting performance of coated tools","volume":"18","author":"Skordaris","year":"2017","journal-title":"CIRP J. Manuf. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2017.07.017","article-title":"Self-organization wear characteristics of MTCVD-TiCN-Al 2 O 3 coated tool against 300 M steel","volume":"43","author":"Zheng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2018.04.078","article-title":"Effect of cutting parameters on wear behavior of coated tool and surface roughness in high-speed turning of 300 M","volume":"125","author":"Zheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Measurement"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8999","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2017.04.041","article-title":"PVD-CrAlN and TiAlN coated Si 3 N 4 ceramic cutting tools \u20141. Microstructure, turning performance and wear mechanism","volume":"43","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wear.2007.01.048","article-title":"Wear behaviour of uncoated and diamond coated Si3N4 tools under severe turning conditions","volume":"263","author":"Martinho","year":"2007","journal-title":"Wear"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vacuum.2008.03.065","article-title":"Cutting forces and wear analysis of Si3N4 diamond coated tools in high speed machining","volume":"82","author":"Martinho","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vacuum"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wear.2017.11.010","article-title":"Investigation on flank wear mechanism of CVD and PVD hard coatings in high speed dry turning of low and high carbon steel","volume":"396\u2013397","author":"Naskar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Wear"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203069","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wear.2019.203069","article-title":"Investigation of wear mechanisms for the rake face of a cutting tool with a multilayer composite nanostructured Cr\u2013CrN-(Ti,Cr,Al,Si)N coating in high-speed steel turning","volume":"438\u2013439","author":"Vereschaka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Wear"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmapro.2018.12.023","article-title":"Investigation of micro-textured cutting tools used for face turning of alloy 718 with high-pressure cooling","volume":"37","author":"Zeman","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Manuf. Process."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11819","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2018.02.152","article-title":"Effect of machining parameters on cutting tool temperature and tool life while turning EN24 and Hchcr grade alloy steel","volume":"5","author":"Asha","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mater. Today Proc."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wear.2018.10.007","article-title":"Limiting conditions for application of PVD (TiAlN) and CVD (TiCN\/Al2O3\/TiN) coated cemented carbide grades in the turning of hardened steels","volume":"416","author":"Boing","year":"2018","journal-title":"Wear"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procir.2018.08.237","article-title":"Influence of thickness of multilayer composite nano-structured coating Ti-TiN-(Ti,Al,Cr)N on tool life of metal-cutting tool","volume":"77","author":"Vereschaka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Procedia CIRP"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6560","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2017.11.311","article-title":"Hard turning of AISI 4340 steel using coated carbide insert: Surface roughness, tool wear, chip morphology and cost estimation","volume":"5","author":"Panda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mater. Today Proc."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmachtools.2019.103467","article-title":"Modelling for prediction of time-varying heat partition coefficient at coated tool-chip interface in continuous turning and interrupted milling","volume":"147","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2019.107125","article-title":"2D Fractal analysis of the cutting force and surface profile in turning of Iron-based superalloy","volume":"151","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Measurement"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surfcoat.2018.07.105","article-title":"Substitution of commercially coated tungsten carbide tools in dry cylindrical turning process by HiPIMS coated niobium carbide cutting inserts","volume":"354","author":"Uhlmann","year":"2018","journal-title":"Surf. Coat. Technol."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proeng.2011.11.131","article-title":"Surface integrity of Inconel 718 when finish turning with PVD coated carbide tool under MQL","volume":"19","author":"Yazid","year":"2011","journal-title":"Procedia Eng."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1007\/s12206-018-0313-7","article-title":"Effects of extreme pressure and anti-wear additives on surface topography and tool wear during MQCL turning of AISI 1045 steel","volume":"32","author":"Maruda","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mech. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1007\/s11665-016-2450-4","article-title":"Structural and microhardness changes after turning of the AISI 1045 steel for minimum quantity cooling lubrication","volume":"26","author":"Maruda","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mater. Eng. Perform."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmatprotec.2018.11.032","article-title":"Turning of Inconel 718 with whisker-reinforced ceramic tools applying vegetable-based cutting fluid mixed with solid lubricants by MQL","volume":"266","author":"Marques","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mater. Process. Technol."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/j.promfg.2015.07.097","article-title":"Tool life of coated carbide cutting tool when turning hardened stainless steel under minimum quantity lubricant using castor oil","volume":"2","author":"Elmunafi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Procedia Manuf."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14873","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2016.06.124","article-title":"Wear behavior of PVD TiN coated carbide inserts during machining of Nimonic 90 and Ti6Al4V superalloys under dry and MQL conditions","volume":"42","author":"Behera","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kumar, U., and Senthil, P. (2019). Performance of cryogenic treated multi-layer coated WC insert in terms of machinability on titanium alloys Ti-6Al-4V in dry turning. Mater. Today Proc.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2019.09.122"},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12062","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2018.02.181","article-title":"Study The effect of cryogenic cooling on machinability characteristics during turning duplex stainless steel 2205","volume":"5","author":"Dhananchezian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mater. Today Proc."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procir.2017.03.166","article-title":"Optimization of machining parameters in turning of AISI 4340 steel under cryogenic condition using taguchi technique","volume":"63","author":"Khare","year":"2017","journal-title":"Procedia CIRP"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2018.12.094","article-title":"Performance improvement of cryogenic turning process during machining of 17-4 PH stainless steel using multi objective optimization techniques","volume":"136","author":"Sivaiah","year":"2018","journal-title":"Measurement"},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.promfg.2018.06.091","article-title":"Influence of GnP additive to vegetable oil on machining performance when MQL-assisted turning alloy 718","volume":"25","author":"Gutnichenko","year":"2018","journal-title":"Procedia Manuf."}],"container-title":["Metals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4701\/10\/2\/170\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T13:44:29Z","timestamp":1760363069000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4701\/10\/2\/170"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,23]]},"references-count":90,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]}},"alternative-id":["met10020170"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/met10020170","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-4701"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-4701","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,23]]}}}