{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T02:28:25Z","timestamp":1775096905290,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":166,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]],"date-time":"2022-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643155200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"AMITIE (Marie Sk\u0142odowska Curie Grant Agreement","award":["n\u00b0734342"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["n\u00b0734342"]}]},{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities","award":["PGC2018-096855-B-C41"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PGC2018-096855-B-C41"]}]},{"name":"Basque Government Industry and Education Department under the ELKARTEK and PIBA","award":["PI-BA-2018-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI-BA-2018-06"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 Programme for Research, ICT-02-2018 \u2013 Flexible and Wearable Electronics","award":["824339 \u2013 WEARPLEX"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["824339 \u2013 WEARPLEX"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Metals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Currently, silver nanoparticles have attracted large interest in the photonics, electrics, analytical, and antimicrobial\/biocidal fields due to their excellent optical, electrical, biological, and antibacterial properties. The versatility in generating different sizes, shapes, and surface morphologies results in a wide range of applications of silver nanoparticles in various industrial and health-related areas. In industrial applications, silver nanoparticles are used to produce conductive inks, which allows the construction of electronic devices on low-cost and flexible substrates by using various printing techniques. In order to achieve successful printed patterns, the necessary formulation and synthesis need to be engineered to fulfil the printing technique requirements. Additional sintering processes are typically further required to remove the added polymers, which are used to produce the desired adherence, viscosity, and reliable performance. This contribution presents a review of the synthesis of silver nanoparticles via different methods (chemical, physical and biological methods) and the application of silver nanoparticles under the electrical field. Formulation of silver inks and formation of conductive patterns by using different printing techniques (inkjet printing, screen printing and aerosol jet printing) are presented. Post-printing treatments are also discussed. A summary concerning outlooks and perspectives is presented at the end of this review.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/met12020234","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]],"date-time":"2022-01-27T04:49:51Z","timestamp":1643258991000},"page":"234","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Silver Nanoparticles for Conductive Inks: From Synthesis and Ink Formulation to Their Use in Printing Technologies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4309-832X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junhui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CIEFMA-Departament de Ci\u00e8ncia i Enginyeria de Materials, Campus Diagonal Bes\u00f2s (EEBE), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, C\/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Building I, 1st Floor, 08019 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Campus Diagonal Bes\u00f2s (EEBE), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, C\/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Building I, Basement Floor, 08019 Barcelona, Spain"}]},{"given":"Maziar","family":"Ahmadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIEFMA-Departament de Ci\u00e8ncia i Enginyeria de Materials, Campus Diagonal Bes\u00f2s (EEBE), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, C\/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Building I, 1st Floor, 08019 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Campus Diagonal Bes\u00f2s (EEBE), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, C\/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Building I, Basement Floor, 08019 Barcelona, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5106-1220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gemma","family":"Fargas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIEFMA-Departament de Ci\u00e8ncia i Enginyeria de Materials, Campus Diagonal Bes\u00f2s (EEBE), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, C\/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Building I, 1st Floor, 08019 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Campus Diagonal Bes\u00f2s (EEBE), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, C\/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Building I, Basement Floor, 08019 Barcelona, Spain"}]},{"given":"Nikola","family":"Perinka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications, and Nanostructures, UPV\/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5110-5361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Reguera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications, and Nanostructures, UPV\/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6791-7620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Senentxu","family":"Lanceros-M\u00e9ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications, and Nanostructures, UPV\/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain"},{"name":"IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1054-1073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Llanes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIEFMA-Departament de Ci\u00e8ncia i Enginyeria de Materials, Campus Diagonal Bes\u00f2s (EEBE), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, C\/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Building I, 1st Floor, 08019 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Campus Diagonal Bes\u00f2s (EEBE), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, C\/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Building I, Basement Floor, 08019 Barcelona, Spain"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6950-611X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilio","family":"Jim\u00e9nez-Piqu\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIEFMA-Departament de Ci\u00e8ncia i Enginyeria de Materials, Campus Diagonal Bes\u00f2s (EEBE), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, C\/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Building I, 1st Floor, 08019 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Campus Diagonal Bes\u00f2s (EEBE), Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, C\/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Building I, Basement Floor, 08019 Barcelona, Spain"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"173","article-title":"Silver Nanoparticles: Synthesis Methods, Bio-Applications and Properties","volume":"42","author":"Abbasi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Crit. 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