{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T15:30:01Z","timestamp":1777044601199,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,30]],"date-time":"2023-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Metals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Due to Inconel 718\u2019s high mechanical properties, even at higher temperatures, tendency to work-harden, and low thermal conductivity, this alloy is considered hard to machine. The machining of this alloy causes high amounts of tool wear, leading to its premature failure. There seems to be a gap in the literature, particularly regarding milling and finishing operations applied to Inconel 718 parts. In the present study, the wear behavior of multilayered PVD HiPIMS (High-power impulse magnetron sputtering)-coated TiN\/TiAlN end-mills used for finishing operations on Inconel 718 is evaluated, aiming to establish\/expand the understanding of the wear behavior of coated tools when machining these alloys. Different machining parameters, such as cutting speed, cutting length, and feed per tooth, are tested, evaluating the influence of these parameters\u2019 variations on tool wear. The sustained wear was evaluated using SEM (Scanning electron microscope) analysis, characterizing the tools\u2019 wear and identifying the predominant wear mechanisms. The machined surface was also evaluated after each machining test, establishing a relationship between the tools\u2019 wear and production quality. It was noticed that the feed rate parameter exerted the most influence on the tools\u2019 production quality, while the cutting speed mostly impacted the tools\u2019 wear. The main wear mechanisms identified were abrasion, material adhesion, cratering, and adhesive wear. The findings of this study might prove useful for future research conducted on this topic, either optimization studies or studies on the simulation of the milling of Inconel alloys, such as the one presented here.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/met13040684","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]],"date-time":"2023-03-31T02:30:20Z","timestamp":1680229820000},"page":"684","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Wear Behavior Phenomena of TiN\/TiAlN HiPIMS PVD-Coated Tools on Milling Inconel 718"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Vitor F. C.","family":"Sousa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory for Energy, Transports and Aerospace (LAETA, INEGI), Rua Dr. Roberto Frias 400, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4035-3241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filipe","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, CEMMPRE\u2014Centre for Mechanical Engineering Materials and Processes, University of Coimbra, Rua Lu\u00eds Reis Santos, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8570-4362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco J. G.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory for Energy, Transports and Aerospace (LAETA, INEGI), Rua Dr. Roberto Frias 400, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"R\u00faben D. F. S.","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6948-1429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naiara","family":"Sebbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. Ant\u00f3nio Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2160-0609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita C. M.","family":"Sales-Contini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technological College of S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos, Avenida Cesare Mansueto Giulio Lattes, 1350 Distrito Eug\u00eanio de Melo, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos 12247-014, SP, Brazil"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmachtools.2015.10.001","article-title":"State-of-the-art in surface integrity in machining of nickel-based super alloys","volume":"100","author":"Thakur","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2020.12.673","article-title":"A review on turning of Inconel alloys","volume":"44","author":"Buddaraju","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mater. 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