{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T06:08:12Z","timestamp":1774937292127,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,27]],"date-time":"2019-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia (FCT; Portugal); PT2020 Partnership Agreement, and COMPETE 2020","award":["Centro2020 (ReNATURE; Centro-01-0145-FEDER-000007)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Centro2020 (ReNATURE; Centro-01-0145-FEDER-000007)"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia (FCT; Portugal); PT2020 Partnership Agreement, and COMPETE 2020","award":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016828 - PTDC\/CVT-NUT\/2851\/2014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016828 - PTDC\/CVT-NUT\/2851\/2014"]}]},{"name":"Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology","award":["UID\/NEU\/04539\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/NEU\/04539\/2013"]}]},{"name":"Centre for Functional Ecology","award":["UID\/BIA\/04004\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/BIA\/04004\/2013"]}]},{"name":"Centre for Functional Ecology","award":["UID\/BIA\/04004\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/BIA\/04004\/2019"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Metabolites"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The sustainable growth of fish aquaculture will require the procurement of non-marine feed sources. Glycerol is a potential feed supplement whose metabolism may spare the catabolism of dietary amino acids, thereby extending the use of the feed protein to other physiological functions such as growth. In the present study, the effects of dietary glycerol supplementation on the muscle and liver metabolomes of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) were evaluated. Fish juveniles were fed diets with 0%, 2.5%, and 5% glycerol. Muscle and liver aqueous fractions were extracted and 1H NMR spectra were acquired. Metabolite profiles derived from the 1H NMR signals were assessed using univariate and multivariate statistical analyses. The adenylate energy charge was determined in the muscle. For both species, the muscle metabolite profile showed more variability compared to that of the liver and was most perturbed by the 5.0% glycerol diet. For the liver metabolite profile, rainbow trout showed fewer differences compared to European seabass. No differences were observed in energy charge between experimental groups for either species. Thus, rainbow trout appeared to be less susceptible to tissue metabolite perturbations, compared to seabass, when the diet was supplemented with up to 5% glycerol.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo9100202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,27]],"date-time":"2019-09-27T11:14:35Z","timestamp":1569582875000},"page":"202","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Metabolic Effects of Dietary Glycerol Supplementation in Muscle and Liver of European Seabass and Rainbow Trout by 1H NMR Metabolomics"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0564-8442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana","family":"Palma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2324-1259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ludgero C.","family":"Tavares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5995-0292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Rito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds F.","family":"Henriques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1150-1893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o G.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Oz\u00f3rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIIMAR\u2014Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research\u2014University of Porto, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Miguel A.","family":"Pardal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Leonardo J.","family":"Magnoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIIMAR\u2014Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research\u2014University of Porto, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2589-2212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan","family":"Viegas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal"},{"name":"Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"FAO (2018). 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