{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T06:09:15Z","timestamp":1776146955528,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,11]],"date-time":"2022-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Parasite Disease Group at i3S","award":["2020.07306.BD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020.07306.BD"]}]},{"name":"Parasite Disease Group at i3S","award":["PTDC\/CVT-CVT\/6798\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/CVT-CVT\/6798\/2020"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020.07306.BD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020.07306.BD"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PTDC\/CVT-CVT\/6798\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/CVT-CVT\/6798\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Leishmania infantum, the sand fly-transmitted protozoan parasite responsible for leishmaniasis in humans, dogs, and cats, is endemic in the Iberian Peninsula. However, the impact of L. infantum infection on the conservation of the endangered Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) is unknown. Herein, we describe for the first time the occurrence of L. infantum infection among a population of reintroduced and wild-born L. pardinus living in the Portuguese Guadiana Valley Park. The presence of infection was addressed by molecular detection of Leishmania kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) in 35 lynxes, with further confirmation of L. infantum species performed by an internally transcribed spacer (ITS)-1 sequencing. Eight blood samples were positive for kDNA, and ITS-1 sequencing confirmed the presence of L. infantum in two of those samples. Exposure to Leishmania was screened in a group of 36 lynxes using an immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) and a multi-antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), using SPLA, rK39, and CPX as Leishmania-specific antigens. Four animals presented a positive IFAT at a dilution of 1:40. Eight samples were considered seropositive to all ELISA Leishmania-specific antigens. Agreement between PCR, IFAT, and all ELISA antigens was found for 1 in 27 samples. These results highlight the susceptibility of autochthonous L. pardinus to L.\u00a0infantum infection. Further investigation is required to assess the impact of L. infantum infection on this wild species conservation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms10122447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,12]],"date-time":"2022-12-12T03:02:37Z","timestamp":1670814157000},"page":"2447","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Serological and Molecular Survey of Leishmania infantum in a Population of Iberian Lynxes (Lynx pardinus)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2490-1570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clara M.","family":"Lima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Parasite Disease Group, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Nuno","family":"Santar\u00e9m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Parasite Disease Group, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Nuno Costa","family":"Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for the Conservation of Nature and Forests (ICNF), 7800-298 Beja, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9215-4626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Sarmento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for the Conservation of Nature and Forests (ICNF), 7800-298 Beja, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Carrapato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for the Conservation of Nature and Forests (ICNF), 7800-298 Beja, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"de Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Vectors and Infectious Disease Research (CEVDI), National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, 2965-575 \u00c1guas de Moura, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6145-7560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, and CECAV\u2014Animal and Veterinary Research Centre, University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"},{"name":"Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), University of Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2392-6087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anabela","family":"Cordeiro-da-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Parasite Disease Group, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Akuffo, H., Costa, C., van Griensven, J., Burza, S., Moreno, J., and Herrero, M. 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