{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T08:26:39Z","timestamp":1777364799560,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,28]],"date-time":"2021-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632787200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","award":["uid\/04413\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["uid\/04413\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Malaria is one of the \u2018big three\u2019 killer infectious diseases, alongside tuberculosis and HIV. In non-endemic areas, malaria may occur in travelers who have recently been to or visited endemic regions. The number of imported malaria cases in Portugal has increased in recent years, mostly due to the close relationship with the community of Portuguese language countries. Samples were collected from malaria-infected patients attending Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental (CHLO) or the outpatient clinic of Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT-NOVA) between March 2014 and May 2021. Molecular characterization of Plasmodium falciparum pfk13 and pfmdr1 genes was performed. We analyzed 232 imported malaria cases. The majority (68.53%) of the patients came from Angola and only three patients travelled to a non-African country; one to Brazil and two to Indonesia. P. falciparum was diagnosed in 81.47% of the cases, P. malariae in 7.33%, P. ovale 6.47% and 1.72% carried P. vivax. No mutations were detected in pfk13. Regarding pfmdr1, the wild-type haplotype (N86\/Y184\/D1246) was also the most prevalent (64.71%) and N86\/184F\/D1246 was detected in 26.47% of the cases. The typical imported malaria case was middle-aged male, traveling from Angola, infected with P. falciparum carrying wild type pfmdr1 and pfk13. Our study highlights the need for constant surveillance of malaria parasites imported into Portugal as an important pillar of public health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9102045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,28]],"date-time":"2021-09-28T21:38:09Z","timestamp":1632865089000},"page":"2045","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Imported Malaria in Portugal: Prevalence of Polymorphisms in the Anti-Malarial Drug Resistance Genes pfmdr1 and pfk13"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Debora","family":"Serrano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (IHMT-NOVA), Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9438-310X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Santos-Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (IHMT-NOVA), Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Clemente","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (IHMT-NOVA), Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Microbiologia Cl\u00ednica e Biologia Molecular, Servi\u00e7o de Patologia Cl\u00ednica, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental (CHLO), Rua da Junqueira 126, 1349-019 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Brigite","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (IHMT-NOVA), Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Toscano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Microbiologia Cl\u00ednica e Biologia Molecular, Servi\u00e7o de Patologia Cl\u00ednica, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental (CHLO), Rua da Junqueira 126, 1349-019 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7004-0268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Concei\u00e7\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (IHMT-NOVA), Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Baptista-Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Microbiologia Cl\u00ednica e Biologia Molecular, Servi\u00e7o de Patologia Cl\u00ednica, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental (CHLO), Rua da Junqueira 126, 1349-019 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0313-0778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatima","family":"Nogueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (IHMT-NOVA), Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1608","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30324-6","article-title":"Malaria","volume":"391","author":"Ashley","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00079-12","article-title":"Human infections and detection of Plasmodium knowlesi","volume":"26","author":"Singh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. 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