{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T05:19:24Z","timestamp":1776316764131,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]],"date-time":"2020-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FCT \u2013 Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","award":["UIDB\/04683\/2020 and UIDP\/04683\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/04683\/2020 and UIDP\/04683\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FCT \u2013 Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","award":["Nano-MINENV 029259 (PTDC\/CTA-AMB\/29259\/2017)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Nano-MINENV 029259 (PTDC\/CTA-AMB\/29259\/2017)"]}]},{"name":"AngloGold Ashanti Brazil","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Minerals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>For more than 30 years, sulfide gold ores were treated in metallurgic plants located in Nova Lima, Minas Gerais, Brazil, and accumulated in the Cocoruto tailings dam. Both flotation and leaching tailings from a deactivated circuit, as well as roasted and leaching tailings from an ongoing plant, were studied for their acid mine drainage potential and elements\u2019 mobility. Detailed characterization of both tailings types indicates the presence of fine-grain size material hosting substantial amounts of sulfides that exhibit distinct geochemical and mineralogical characteristics. The samples from the ongoing plant show high grades of Fe in the form of oxides, cyanide, and sulfates. Differently, samples from the old circuit shave higher average concentrations of Al (0.88%), Ca (2.4%), Mg (0.96%), and Mn (0.17%), present as silicates and carbonates. These samples also show relics of preserved sulfides, such as pyrite and pyrrhotite. Concentrations of Zn, Cu, Au, and As are higher in the tailings of the ongoing circuit, while Cr and Hg stand out in the tailings of the deactivated circuit. Although the obtained results show that the sulfide wastes do not tend to generate acid mine drainage, leaching tests indicate the possibility of mobilization of toxic elements, namely As and Mn in the old circuit, and Sb, As, Fe, Ni, and Se in the tailings of the plant that still works. This work highlights the need for proper management and control of tailing dams even in alkaline drainage environments such as the one of the Cocoruto dam. Furthermore, strong knowledge of the tailings\u2019 dynamics in terms of geochemistry and mineralogy would be pivotal to support long-term decisions on wastes management and disposal.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/min11010039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]],"date-time":"2020-12-31T14:31:49Z","timestamp":1609425109000},"page":"39","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Mineralogical and Geochemical Characterization of Gold Mining Tailings and Their Potential to Generate Acid Mine Drainage (Minas Gerais, Brazil)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Mariana","family":"Lemos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Earth Sciences, Pole of University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"Anglogold Ashanti, Mining &amp; Technical, COO International, Nova Lima 34000-000, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7293-3825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa","family":"Valente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Earth Sciences, Pole of University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Paula Marinho","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Earth Sciences, Pole of University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"},{"name":"GEOBIOTEC, Departmento de Geoci\u00eancias, Campus Universit\u00e1rio de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Earth Sciences, Pole of University of \u00c9vora, University of \u00c9vora, 7000-345 \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3221-0451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Itamar","family":"Delbem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microscopy Center, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-013, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Juliana","family":"Ventura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anglogold Ashanti, Mining &amp; Technical, COO International, Nova Lima 34000-000, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Magalh\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anglogold Ashanti, Mining &amp; Technical, COO International, Nova Lima 34000-000, Brazil"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s41204-016-0011-6","article-title":"Process effluents and mine tailings: Sources, effects and management and role of nanotechnology","volume":"2","author":"Mohapatra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nanotechnol. 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