{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T14:19:54Z","timestamp":1766067594689,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":134,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/50019\/2020","PD\/BD\/142783\/2018","ERA-MIN\/0002\/2019","ANR-10-LABX-21-RESSOURCES21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50019\/2020","PD\/BD\/142783\/2018","ERA-MIN\/0002\/2019","ANR-10-LABX-21-RESSOURCES21"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"MOSTMEG project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/50019\/2020","PD\/BD\/142783\/2018","ERA-MIN\/0002\/2019","ANR-10-LABX-21-RESSOURCES21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50019\/2020","PD\/BD\/142783\/2018","ERA-MIN\/0002\/2019","ANR-10-LABX-21-RESSOURCES21"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/50019\/2020","PD\/BD\/142783\/2018","ERA-MIN\/0002\/2019","ANR-10-LABX-21-RESSOURCES21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50019\/2020","PD\/BD\/142783\/2018","ERA-MIN\/0002\/2019","ANR-10-LABX-21-RESSOURCES21"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Minerals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Highly fractionated granites and related magmatic-hydrothermal ore-forming processes can be traced by elemental ratios such as Nb\/Ta, K\/Rb, Y\/Ho, Sr\/Eu, Eu\/Eu*, Zr\/Hf, and Rb\/Sr. The lanthanide \u201ctetrad effect\u201d parameter (TE1,3) can also be a useful geochemical fingerprint of highly fractionated granites. This work assesses its application as an exploration vector for granite-related mineralization in the Central Iberian Zone by examining TE1,3 variations with different elemental ratios and with the concentrations of rare metals and fluxing elements (such as F, P, and B). The multi-elemental whole-rock characterization of the main Cambrian\u2013Ordovician and Carboniferous\u2013Permian granite plutons and late aplite\u2013pegmatite dykes exposed across the Segura\u2013Panasqueira Sn-W-Li belt show that the increase in TE1,3 values co-vary with magmatic differentiation and metal-enrichment, being the Carboniferous\u2013Permian granite rocks the most differentiated, and metal specialized. The Argemela Li-Sn-bearing rare metal granite and the Segura Li-phosphate-bearing aplite\u2013pegmatite dykes deviate from this geochemical trend, displaying TE1,3 &lt; 1.1, but high P2O5 contents. The results suggest that mineralized rocks related to peraluminous-high-phosphorus Li-Sn granite systems are typified by TE1,3 &lt; 1.1, whereas those associated with peraluminous-high-phosphorus Sn-W-Li (lepidolite) and peraluminous-low-phosphorus Sn-Ta-Nb granite systems display TE1,3 &gt; 1.1, reaching values as high as 1.4 and 2.1, respectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/min12091067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T23:48:58Z","timestamp":1661384938000},"page":"1067","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Lanthanide \u201cTetrad Effect\u201d as an Exploration Tool for Granite-Related Rare Metal Ore Systems: Examples from the Iberian Variscan Belt"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6020-8258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivo","family":"Martins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Geologia, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade de Lisboa, Ed. C6, Piso 4, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto Dom Luiz (IDL), Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade de Lisboa, Ed. C1, Piso 1, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2623-1539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Mateus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Geologia, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade de Lisboa, Ed. C6, Piso 4, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto Dom Luiz (IDL), Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade de Lisboa, Ed. C1, Piso 1, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0922-2198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michel","family":"Cathelineau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, CNRS, GeoRessources, F-54000 Nancy, France"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7283-6200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie Christine","family":"Boiron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, CNRS, GeoRessources, F-54000 Nancy, France"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3604-6073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Ribeiro da Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Geologia, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade de Lisboa, Ed. C6, Piso 4, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0185-9410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00cdcaro","family":"Dias da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Geologia, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade de Lisboa, Ed. C6, Piso 4, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto Dom Luiz (IDL), Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade de Lisboa, Ed. C1, Piso 1, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2363-2919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Gaspar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Geologia, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade de Lisboa, Ed. C6, Piso 4, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.2113\/gselements.8.4.275","article-title":"Granitic pegmatites as sources of strategic metals","volume":"8","author":"Linnen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Elements"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gunn, G. (2013). Critical Metals Handbook, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118755341"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oregeorev.2018.11.012","article-title":"Rare-metal granites as a potencial source of critical metals: A geometallurgical case study","volume":"104","author":"Dehainea","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ore Geol. 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