{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T18:52:53Z","timestamp":1776797573307,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,12]],"date-time":"2012-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1331510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Acetylcholinesterase inhibition, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of Hedychium gardnerianum leaf essential oils from S. Miguel Island were determined. All the oils inhibited acetylcholinesterase, with IC50 values of approximately 1 mg\/mL, showing no statistical differences between collection sites. Three oils presented mixed inhibition, whilst one was almost truly competitive. This activity can be attributed to the presence of sesquiterpenes, which constituted more than 60% of the composition of the oils. Regarding the antioxidant activity as measured by the DPPH method, all the oils presented activities similar to reference compounds, although with statistical differences between collection sites. Cytotoxicity measured using Artemia salina classified these oils as moderately toxic, with LC50 values ranging from 300 to 500 \u00b5g\/mL. These results indicate a possible application of these oils in aromatherapy as coadjuvants in the treatment of cognitive diseases such as Alzheimer, since they may contribute to increase acetylcholine in cholinergic neurons and simultaneously fight deleterious oxidations responsible by neurological degeneration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules17033082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,12]],"date-time":"2012-03-12T12:07:51Z","timestamp":1331554071000},"page":"3082-3092","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Anti-acetylcholinesterase and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils from Hedychium gardnerianum Sheppard ex Ker-Gawl"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Miguel","family":"Arruda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Technological Sciences and Development (DCTD), University of Azores, Rua M\u00e3e de Deust, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Recursos Naturais (CIRN), University of Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Hugo","family":"Viana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos (CIBIO-Azores), University of Azores, Rua M\u00e3e de Deus, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Nuno","family":"Rainha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Technological Sciences and Development (DCTD), University of Azores, Rua M\u00e3e de Deust, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Nuno R.","family":"Neng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sciences, Chemistry and Biochemistry Department and Center of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande Ed. C8, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Silvino","family":"Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos (CIBIO-Azores), University of Azores, Rua M\u00e3e de Deus, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 M. F.","family":"Nogueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sciences, Chemistry and Biochemistry Department and Center of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande Ed. C8, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Maria do Carmo","family":"Barreto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Technological Sciences and Development (DCTD), University of Azores, Rua M\u00e3e de Deust, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de Recursos Naturais (CIRN), University of Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.1280","article-title":"Plants with Traditional Uses and Activities, Relevant to the Management of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders","volume":"17","author":"Howes","year":"2003","journal-title":"Phytother. 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