{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T20:16:01Z","timestamp":1767989761911,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,14]],"date-time":"2019-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576281600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research and Technology Transfer Affairs","award":["Project ID: I62-00-21-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Project ID: I62-00-21-0"]}]},{"name":"Research Fund for Supporting Lecturer to Admit High Potential Student to Study and Research on His Expert Program by the graduate school, Khon Kaen University","award":["ID: 601JH211"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ID: 601JH211"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Thai traditional herbal formula \u2018\u2019Kleeb Bua Daeng (KBD)\u2019\u2019consists of a 1:1:1 ratio (dry weight) of three medicinal plants: Piper nigrum fruit, the aerial part of Centella asiatica and the petals of Nelumbo nucifera. Oral administration of KBD to unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) mice significantly improved their cognitive function caused by chronic mild stress. Daily administration of KBD significantly decreased the serum corticosterone (CORT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels but increased the catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in both frontal cortex and hippocampus. The effects of KBD were similar to those caused by oral administration of vitamin E. HPLC analysis of the KBD extract revealed the presence of piperine, madecassoside, asiaticoside, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, rutin, kaempferol-3-glucoside, quercetin, kaempferol and ferulic acid as major constituents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24244587","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,16]],"date-time":"2019-12-16T05:19:38Z","timestamp":1576473578000},"page":"4587","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Kleeb Bua Daeng, a Thai Traditional Herbal Formula, Ameliorated Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress-Induced Cognitive Impairment in ICR Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9926-7092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juthamart","family":"Maneenet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"},{"name":"Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2051-9953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Supawadee","family":"Daodee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"}]},{"given":"Orawan","family":"Monthakantirat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4065-6090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chantana","family":"Boonyarat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9927-0670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charinya","family":"Khamphukdee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6829-4349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pakakrong","family":"Kwankhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Chao Phya Abhaibhubejhr Hospital, Ministry of Public Health, Prachinburi, Thailand 25000, Thailand"}]},{"given":"Supaporn","family":"Pitiporn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Chao Phya Abhaibhubejhr Hospital, Ministry of Public Health, Prachinburi, Thailand 25000, Thailand"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5299-193X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suresh","family":"Awale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Natural Drug Discovery, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan"}]},{"given":"Yaowared","family":"Chulikhit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3321-1061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anake","family":"Kijjoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<i>ICBAS<\/i>-Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar and CIIMAR, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2015.06.018","article-title":"Chronic stress and brain plasticity: mechanisms underlying adaptive and maladaptive changes and implications for stress-related CNS disorders","volume":"58","author":"Radley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurosci. 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