{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T12:19:35Z","timestamp":1774700375177,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,10]],"date-time":"2021-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620604800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nowadays, the use of biostimulants to reduce agrochemical input is a major trend in agriculture. In this work, we report on calcium phosphate particles (CaP) recovered from the circular economy, combined with natural humic substances (HSs), to produce a plant biostimulant. CaPs were obtained by the thermal treatment of Salmo salar bones and were subsequently functionalized with HSs by soaking in a HS water solution. The obtained materials were characterized, showing that the functionalization with HS did not sort any effect on the bulk physicochemical properties of CaP, with the exception of the surface charge that was found to get more negative. Finally, the effect of the materials on nutrient uptake and translocation in the early stages of development (up to 20 days) of two model species of interest for horticulture, Valerianella locusta and Diplotaxis tenuifolia, was assessed. Both species exhibited a similar tendency to accumulate Ca and P in hypogeal tissues, but showed different reactions to the treatments in terms of translocation to the leaves. CaP and CaP\u2013HS treatments lead to an increase of P accumulation in the leaves of D. tenuifolia, while the treatment with HS was found to increase only the concentration of Ca in V. locusta leaves. A low biostimulating effect on both plants\u2019 growth was observed, and was mainly scribed to the low concentration of HS in the tested materials. In the end, the obtained material showed promising results in virtue of its potential to elicit phosphorous uptake and foliar translocation by plants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26092810","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,10]],"date-time":"2021-05-10T10:49:51Z","timestamp":1620643791000},"page":"2810","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Calcium Phosphate Particles Coated with Humic Substances: A Potential Plant Biostimulant from Circular Economy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Alessio","family":"Adamiano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (ISTEC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1811-4471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guido","family":"Fellet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of AgriFood, Animal and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Vuerich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of AgriFood, Animal and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0322-896X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dora","family":"Scarpin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of AgriFood, Animal and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8865-2032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Carella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (ISTEC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6339-716X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clara","family":"Piccirillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Nanotechnology (NANOTEC), National Research Council (CNR), Campus Ecoteckne, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy"}]},{"given":"Jong-Rok","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Food Science &amp; Technology, IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Pizzutti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of AgriFood, Animal and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Marchiol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of AgriFood, Animal and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7813-8347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michele","family":"Iafisco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (ISTEC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, Italy"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.02110445","article-title":"How sustainable agriculture can address the environmental and human health harms of industrial agriculture","volume":"110","author":"RHorrigan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environ. 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