{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T04:19:51Z","timestamp":1773202791902,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,14]],"date-time":"2021-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620950400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BD\/135797\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/135797\/2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PD\/BD\/106078\/2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PD\/BD\/106078\/2015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The chemical modification of porphyran hydrocolloid is attempted, with the objective of enhancing its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Sulfated galactan porphyran is obtained from commercial samples of the red algae Porphyra dioica using Soxhlet extraction with water at 100 \u00b0C and precipitation with isopropyl alcohol. The extracted porphyran is then treated with modified L-tyrosines in aqueous medium in the presence of NaOH, at ca. 70 \u00b0C. The modified tyrosines L1 and L2 are prepared through a Mannich reaction with either thymol or 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, respectively. While the reaction with 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol yields the expected tyrosine derivative, a mixture of products is obtained with thymol. The resulting polysaccharides are structurally characterized and the respective antioxidant and antimicrobial activities are determined. Porphyran treated with the N-(2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butyl-benzyl)-L-tyrosine derivative, POR-L2, presents a noticeable superior radical scavenging and antioxidant activity compared to native porphyran, POR. Furthermore, it exhibited some antimicrobial activity against S. aureus. The surface morphology of films prepared by casting with native and modified porphyrans is studied by SEM\/EDS. Both POR and POR-L2 present potential applicability in the production of films and washable coatings for food packaging with improved protecting characteristics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26102916","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,14]],"date-time":"2021-05-14T10:54:22Z","timestamp":1620989662000},"page":"2916","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Enhancement of the Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Porphyran through Chemical Modification with Tyrosine Derivatives"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7216-0260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Ad\u00e3o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE, Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria, Edif\u00edcio CETEMARES, Av. Porto de Pesca, 2520-630 Peniche, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3261-6857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Reboleira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE, Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria, Edif\u00edcio CETEMARES, Av. Porto de Pesca, 2520-630 Peniche, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5601-9849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Teles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE, Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria, Edif\u00edcio CETEMARES, Av. Porto de Pesca, 2520-630 Peniche, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE, Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria, Edif\u00edcio CETEMARES, Av. Porto de Pesca, 2520-630 Peniche, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2725-7781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N\u00e1dia","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Qu\u00edmica Estrutural and Departamento de Engenharia Qu\u00edmica, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7303-3570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos M.","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Qu\u00edmica Estrutural and Departamento de Engenharia Qu\u00edmica, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Mafalda","family":"Guedes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDP2T and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Escola Superior de Tecnologia de Set\u00fabal, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Set\u00fabal, 2910-761 Set\u00fabal, Portugal"},{"name":"CeFEMA, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3978-9964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Costa","family":"Pessoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Qu\u00edmica Estrutural and Departamento de Engenharia Qu\u00edmica, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Bernardino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARE, Escola Superior de Turismo e Tecnologia do Mar, Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria, Av. Porto de Pesca, 2520-630 Peniche, Portugal"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2514","DOI":"10.3390\/md9122514","article-title":"Seaweed Polysaccharides and Derived Oligosaccharides Stimulate Defense Responses and Protection against Pathogens in Plants","volume":"9","author":"Vera","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2016.10.067","article-title":"Pharmacological Importance of Sulphated Polysaccharide Carrageenan from Red Seaweed Kappaphycus Alvarezii in Comparison with Commercial Carrageenan","volume":"84","author":"Suganya","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomed. 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